Is the functionality of `Promise.all` affected by the browser's restriction on concurrent connections?

Suppose an api server is utilizing HTTP/1.1 and the browser has a maximum of 6 concurrent TCP connections per domain. If I make 7 api calls simultaneously using Promise.all, does that mean the last api call will have to wait for the response from the first api call to return over the network?

Promise.all([api(), api(), api(), api(), api(), api(), api()]) // 7 api calls

Furthermore, does HTTP/2 address this issue with multiplexing, allowing all API calls to be made on the same connection so they won't need to wait for each other?

Answer №1

Is it true that if I make 7 API calls simultaneously using Promise.all, the last API call will have to wait for the response of the first API call to come back over the network?

Affirmative.

When you use Promise.all([api(), api(), ...]), all the api() function calls will be executed immediately. This means that the first 6 requests will be sent out, and the 7th request will be queued until one of the first 6 is completed, at which point the browser will send out the 7th request.

This behavior is not specific to Promise.all(). The same sequence would occur even with this code:

const promises = [api(), api(), api(), api(), api(), api(), api()];

Just with that snippet, the 7th HTTP request wouldn't be dispatched to the host until one of the first 6 had finished. This delay happens due to the browser's restrictions on connections to the same host.

As a side note, Promise.all() will still function properly, and all the API requests will still be processed, albeit with a slight delay as they wait for connection limits to be lifted.

Answer №2

A limitation that affects Promise.all is how the arguments are evaluated before being passed to a function.

anotherFn([fn(), fn(), fn()])

Essentially translates to:

const r1 = fn();
const r2 = fn();
const r3 = fn();
anotherFn([r1, r2, r3]);

The evaluation of each argument happens first, including any API calls, which means Promise.all or anotherFn have no control over it since it occurs before the function execution.

Does this mean the last API request has to wait for the first one to return?

If there's a browser limitation of 6 connections per domain to an API, then yes.

However, technologies like HTTP/2 alleviate this issue by allowing multiple requests over a single connection, avoiding the browser's connection limit.

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