Unlocking the Power of arrayFilters in MongoDB for Efficient Pipeline-Style Updates

Currently utilizing Mongo 4.4, I am attempting to execute an update operation with the aggregation pipeline using updateOne to modify nested array elements. To target a specific array member for updating, I include an arrayFilter in the options. However, encountering an error message stating:

arrayFilters may not be specified for pipeline-style updates.

An example query similar to what I'm working on is:

updateOne(
{ _id: <some_id>},
[
  {
    $set: { 'arr.$[element]': <new_value> }
  },
  {
    $set: { somefield: { '$cond': { <the condition content> } } }
  }
],
{
  arrayFilters: [ {'element.id': <new_value>.id } ]
}
);

How can I resolve this issue?

UPDATE 1:

Illustrative document example:

{
  _id: 932842242342354234,
  lastUpdateTime: <old time>,
  comments: [
    {
      id: 390430,
      content: "original",
      lastUpdated: <sime time>
    }
  ],
}

The desired query involves updating a comment and simultaneously updating the main field lastEditTime only if the lastUpdated content has a timestamp later than the current lastEditTime. The update operation would look as follows:

updateOne(
{ _id: documentId},
[
  {
    $set: { 'comments.$[element]': newComment }
  },
  {
    $set: { lastUpdateTime: { 
          '$cond': { 
              if: { $gte: [newComment.lastUpdated, '$lastUpdateTime'] },
              then: newComment.lastUpdated,
              else: '$lastUpdateTime',
            } 
         } 
      }
  }
],
{
  arrayFilters: [ {'element.id': newComment.id } ]
}
);

For instance, post an update with the comment:

{
  id: 390430,
  content: "new content",
  lastUpdated: <new time>
}

The goal is to have the primary object transformed into:

{
  _id: 932842242342354234,
  lastUpdateTime: <new time>,
  comments: [
    {
      id: 390430,
      content: "new content",
      lastUpdated: <new time>
    }
  ],
}

Answer №1

In my opinion, the arrayFilters may not be the most appropriate solution for your specific situation. I would recommend considering using the aggregation pipeline instead.

You can utilize $map to loop through each element in the comments array. If a matching element with the specified id is found, you can then update it with the new information from the newComment object; otherwise, you can keep the existing value as it is.

updateOne(
{ _id: documentId },
[
  {
    $set: { 
      'comments': {
        $map: {
          input: "$comments",
          in: {
            $cond: {
              if: { $eq: [ "$$this.id", newComment.id ] },
              then: newComment,
              else: "$$this"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  {
    $set: { lastUpdateTime: { 
          '$cond': { 
              if: { $gte: [newComment.lastUpdated, '$lastUpdateTime'] },
              then: newComment.lastUpdated,
              else: '$lastUpdateTime',
            } 
         } 
      }
  }
]
);

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