Submitting data with ajax in MVC when an option is chosen in a dropdown menu

Within my form, I have multiple dropdown lists. Whenever a user selects an option from one of these dropdowns, I want that value to be saved in the backend database. To avoid reloading the page, I believe using Ajax is the best approach, but I need assistance with implementing it.

How can I automatically send the selected dropdown value to the server-side through an Ajax call without refreshing the page? Should I create a separate form for each dropdown list to update them individually? I am working with JQuery and JQuery Mobile on top of ASP MVC.

As an example, here is some code illustrating the current setup:

public class ColorViewModel
{
    public ColorViewModel()
    {
        Options = new List<string>(){ "red", "blue", "green" };
    }

    public string Value { get; set; }

    public List<string> Options { get; set; }
}

View:

@model IEnumerable<ColorViewModel>

@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    foreach(var item in Model)
    {
        Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.Value, Model.Options)
    }
    <input type="submit" value="Save">
}

I aim to eliminate the need for a submit button in the form and handle all data submission when the user selects an option (which I assume can be accomplished using JavaScript).

Answer №1

By default, when using MVC, the field should be rendered with id="Value" (however, you can override this in the HTML params of the helper method).

Once the field is set up properly, you can use jQuery to submit the form:

$(function() {
    $('#Value').change(function() {
        this.form.submit();
    });
});

Answer №2

If you're looking for a reliable solution, JavaScript is the way to go. Here's an example:

@using (Html.BeginForm("", "", FormMethod.Post, new { id = "myForm" }))
{
    foreach(var item in Model)
    {
        Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.Value, Model.Options, new { id = "myList" })
    }
}

<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function() {
        $("#myList").change(function() {
            $("#myForm").submit();
        });
    });
</script>

Answer №3

Instead of posting the entire form, I decided to post each individual select input when it changes. To do this, I had to include all the necessary values using the "data-" attribute on the posted element. For example, if you want to attach an ID:

@Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.Value, Model.Options, new { @data_Id = Model.Id, })

With jQuery, you can achieve this like so:

$(function() {
    $('.dropdown').change(function() {
        $.ajax(
            {
                type: "POST",
                url: "Controller/Action",
                data: {
                    Value: $(this).val(),
                    Id: $(this).attr('data-Id'),
                }
            });
    });
});

This will now be posted to the specified URL. If you have an object with the same property name as what you're posting in the data, it will automatically fill in the correct values for those properties.

One more thing to note - if you prefer to go with the other approach of posting the entire form (as I initially did), you must hide the submit button and then trigger its click event with JavaScript to use AJAX. Simply submitting the form with JavaScript will result in a normal form submission without using AJAX.

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