MongoDB effortlessly integrates arrays into data schemas

I find myself in a puzzling situation without knowing the cause. Despite my efforts, I cannot seem to find any information on this strange issue. Therefore, I have turned to seek help here.

//mongoDB data schema
const dataSchema = mongoose.Schema({
    userID: String,
    userStocks: Array,
    stockMarket: Array,
});
module.exports = mongoose.model('Data', dataSchema);

The dilemma arises when attempting to create a new collection in the database:

var regUser = new Data({
   
});
console.log(regUser); return;

Upon running console.log(regUser), both the stockMarket array and userStock array appear as empty arrays.

Why is this happening? And how can it be prevented?

It behaves properly with Number and String types. However, for some reason, when using the Array type, it automatically inserts them.

I have attempted removing them with delete regUser.stockMarket, which seemingly does nothing despite returning true when executed. Additionally, I tried eliminating them through an aggregate using $unset and $merge without success.

Does anyone have insight into what might be causing this peculiar scenario? And how could it be resolved?

-----------EDIT-----------
Following @HuyPham's response, I discovered that the issue stemmed from not correctly declaring it as an array in the schema constructor. The proper approach was:

const dataSchema = mongoose.Schema({
   userID: String,
   userstocks: {
       type: Array,
       default: undefined
   },
   stockMarket: {
       type: Array,
       default: undefined
   }
});

Answer №1

If you've defined the Array type within mongoose.Schema incorrectly, be sure to check out the mongoose docs on Arrays. If you're receiving an empty array for userStocks and stockMarket, it may default to an array instance (see Array).

To correct this issue, adjust from type: Array to type:[] to avoid potential unpredictable problems when using a JavaScript Array instance as the set type.

const dataSchema = mongoose.Schema({
   userID: String,
   userstocks: {
       type: [],
       default: undefined
   },
   stockMarket: {
       type: [],
       default: undefined
   }
});

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