JavaScript Function or Object: A Guide to Returning

Currently, my code is functioning as expected. However, I am curious if there is a way to modify my function so that it can be declared as an object even when no parameters are provided.

Below is the mixin function in question:

import Page from "@/models/Page.js";

/**
 * @param  {number} pageId id in page table
 */
export default function (pageId) {
    return {
        data() {
            return {
                page: Page
            }
        },
        created() {
            this.initPageContents();
        },
        methods: {
            async initPageContents() {
                if (pageId) {
                    await Page.addPage(pageId);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

This function can be called like this:

  mixins: [
    pageMixin(24),
  ],

Or like this:

  mixins: [
    pageMixin(),
  ],

My query remains - is there a way to utilize it as an object that mimics the behavior of the parameter-less function?

  mixins: [
    pageMixin,
  ],

Answer №1

Unfortunately, it is not possible - the content of your array consists of a function reference, so you are limited to executing it like this:

mixins[0]()

If you wish to store the result of the function in the array, you would have to continue with what you were previously doing:

mixins: [
  pageMixin()
]

Answer №2

Although I am not an expert in Javascript, I have managed to piece together what I think is a viable solution. My approach is influenced by this particular question on SO.

To simplify your query: "I possess a function f. I desire an object o that mimics the behavior of f(), where o(a, b, c, ...) mirrors f(a, b, c, ...)"

Imagine we have a function for generating "people":

function makePerson(firstname, age) {
  firstname = firstname || "Jackson";
  age = age || 17;
  return { firstname: firstname, age: age };
}

We wish for makePerson to behave like makePerson(). Specifically, it should uphold conditions such as

makePerson.firstname == "Jackson"
and makePerson.age == 17. Essentially, ensuring all attributes are accurate.

To achieve this, we can set the prototype of makePerson to a new function object with the desired attributes:

// Create a function object
const functionObject = Object.create(Function.prototype);
// Obtain default value
const defaultValue = makePerson();
// Copy all attributes from default value to function object
Object.assign(functionObject, defaultValue);
// Set function object as the prototype of our function
Object.setPrototypeOf(makePerson, functionObject);

If we test this out:

console.log(makePerson.firstname); // Jackson
console.log(makePerson.age); // 17

// Still functions correctly
console.log(makePerson()); // { name: 'Jackson', age: 17 }
console.log(makePerson("Oliver", 50)); // { name: 'Oliver', age: 50 }

You could encapsulate everything within a function if preferred:

function emulateDefault(func) {
  /* Return a function `newFunc` that behaves like
     `func()` and `newFunc(...args)` simulates `func(...args)`. */

  // Duplicate `func`
  const funcClone = Object.create(Function.prototype);
  Object.assign(funcClone, func);

  // Create a function object
  const functionObject = Object.create(Function.prototype);
  // Get default value
  const defaultValue = func();
  // Copy all attributes from default value to function object
  Object.assign(functionObject, defaultValue);
  // Set function object as the prototype of our function
  Object.setPrototypeOf(funcClone, functionObject);

  return funcClone;
}

This way, you can define pageMixin like so:

const pageMixin = emulateDefault(function() { ... });

Note that I cannot guarantee everything is foolproof here, and there may be unresolved issues with edge cases. Particularly, Javascript cloning can be tricky, hence emulateDefault might face challenges due to that. Additionally, details about Object.new, Object.setPrototypeOf, or Object.assign are not entirely clear to me.

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