How can functional languages incorporate original elements without filtering them out?

How can I return an array that maps some filtered elements while keeping the non-filtered elements in their original positions? Is there a straightforward way to achieve this?

array
.filter(
  function(element){
    // some test
  }
)
.map(
  function(element){
    // some mapping
  }
)

The solution I've come up with so far looks something like this:

array
.map(
  function(value, index){
    if (<test>) {
      return <mapping>(value);
    }
  }
)

However, I feel that this approach somewhat goes against the principles of functional programming.

I'm not specifying a particular language implementation here, but an example in Scala or JavaScript would be appreciated.

EDIT: Here's a specific example of what I'm aiming for:

[1,2,3,4,11,12]

If we map all elements to element*10, and only apply this transformation to elements greater than 10, the resulting array should look like:

[1,2,3,4,110,120]

EDIT2: I apologize for using the term "mutate." My intention was not to mutate the original array - rather, I meant mutating a copy of the array.

Answer №1

If you're working with a mutable collection, functionality may be limited. However, in Scala, you can utilize the transform function:

scala> val numbers = Array(1,2,3,4,11,12)
numbers: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 12)

scala> numbers.transform { num => if(num > 10) num * 10 else num}
res10: scala.collection.mutable.WrappedArray[Int] = WrappedArray(1, 2, 3, 4, 110, 120)

edit: For separate filtering and mapping, consider using a view:

scala> numbers
res22: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 12)

scala> numbers.view.filter(_ > 10).transform(_ * 10)
res23: scala.collection.mutable.IndexedSeqView[Int,Array[Int]] = SeqViewF(...)

scala> numbers
res24: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 110, 120)

Answer №2

Are you aiming for the collect function?

scala> List(2, 3, 5, 6, 9).filter(_ < 5).map(_ * 100)
res30: List[Int] = List(200, 300)

scala> List(2, 3, 5, 6, 9).collect { case i if i < 5 => i * 100 }
res31: List[Int] = List(200, 300)

Answer №3

A practical approach is to pass your filter and map functions to a specialized 'combining' function; I demonstrated this concept with an example available at this link.

The basic idea here is to utilize the 'mapping' process (referred to as inplace mapping) on all elements that meet the criteria set by the filtering predicate within the original array.

Answer №4

While these types of operations are theoretically possible, they are not supported in the Scala library.

You have the option to create your own custom functions using indices (or views on indices):

scala> val a = Array(1,2,3,4,5)
a: Array[Int] = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

scala> a.indices.view.filter(i=>a(i)%2==0).foreach(i=>a(i)=0)

scala> a
res1: Array[Int] = Array(1, 0, 3, 0, 5)

Although it may seem a bit cumbersome, this method is often preferable to using if-statements because it allows you to clearly see the filtering and assignment steps separately.

Answer №5

Hey jiaweihli

The simplest solution involves reassigning it to the reference instead of mutating the data directly. This approach offers benefits when the reference is used in other parts of the code where you do not want to inadvertently mutate it.

Example:

x = x.filter(filterOpp);

Note: The second example provided does not work. Good luck!

Answer №6

The issue you're encountering stems from your focus on filtering, when in reality, that's not the solution you need. If your goal isn't to eliminate elements, then filter is not the right approach.

What you actually require is a straightforward map:

array.map(x => if(x > 10) x * 10 else x)

Alternatively, if you believe your criteria are too intricate,

array.map {
    case x if x > 10 => x * 10
    case x => x
}

Answer №7

Consider implementing a solution like the following in pseudo JavaScript:

  customFilter = function(item) {
    if(conditionFunction(item)){
      return mappingFunction(item);
    }
    return item;
  }

  data = data.map(customFilter);

If you do not have a specific requirement to modify the original array (which contradicts functional programming principles), this approach should achieve the desired outcome.

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