Exploring the Power of Bidirectional Data Binding in AngularJS Nested Directives

Feel free to reach out if you require additional information or need further clarification. I've experimented with various approaches to solve this issue, but so far haven't been successful.

I'm relatively new to working with angularJS and I'm currently attempting to develop an application with multiple layers of data. Initially, I have some basic user details stored in the body scope under controller PageController. Following that, there is a settings form that is loaded using $routeParams (with controller SettingsController) which includes a couple of custom directives for templating purposes. As the directives are nested inside each other, transclusion is used to load the second directive within the first one. So far, everything seems to be functioning correctly.

However, my challenge lies in referencing the field user.firstname from within the innermost directive and implementing two-way databinding to enable changes made in the textbox to reflect on the value in the PageController scope as well. I understand that most issues like these stem from using primitives in ng-model, despite my attempts to enclose everything in an extra object to trigger prototypal inheritance, it hasn't worked. What could possibly be wrong here?

Here's a JSFiddle link to my code, simplified to isolate the problem. In this example, when typing in the outer textbox directly connected to the PageController scope, it alters the inner textbox until modifications are made to the latter, after which the connection breaks. It appears to resemble the typical problem associated with using primitives, as mentioned in similar queries, yet I can't identify the exact issue at play here.

HTML:

<body class="event-listing" ng-app="app" ng-controller="PageController">
    <div class="listing-event-wrap">
        <input type="text" ng-model="user.firstname" />
        <div ng-controller="SettingsController">
            <section block title="{{data.updateInfo.title}}" description="{{data.updateInfo.description}}">
                <div formrow label="{{data.updateInfo.labels.firstname}}" type="textInput" value="user.firstname"></div>
            </section>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

Angular Directives:

app.directive('formrow', function() {
return {
    scope: {
            label: "@label",
            type: "@type",
            value: "=value" 
    },
    replace: true,
    template: '<div class="form-row">' + 
            '<div class="form-label" data-ng-show="label">{{label}}</div>' + 
            '<div class="form-entry" ng-switch on="type">' + 
                '<input type="text" ng-model="value" data-ng-switch-when="textInput" />' + 
            '</div>' + 
        '</div>'
}
});
app.directive('block', function() {
return {
    scope: {
            title: "@title",
            description: "@description" 
    },
    transclude: true,
    replace: true,
    template: '<div class="page-block">' +
            '<h2 data-ng-show="title">{{title}}</h2>' + 
            '<p class="form-description" data-ng-show="description">{{description}}</p>' + 
            '<div class="block-inside" data-ng-transclude></div>' + 
            '</div>'
}
});

Angular Controllers:

app.controller("PageController", function($scope) {
    $scope.user = {
        firstname: "John"
    };
});
app.controller("SettingsController", function($scope) {
    $scope.data = {
        updateInfo: {
            title: "Update Your Information",
            description: "A description here",
            labels: {
                firstname: "First Name"
            }
        }
    }
});

Answer №1

Apologies for the earlier code. Please use the following revised code: http://jsfiddle.net/CxNc2/2/

Instead of passing the actual value, I am now passing the object along with a pointer to the correct value inside. The 'refobject' has been added here:

<body class="event-listing" ng-app="app" ng-controller="PageController">
    <div class="listing-event-wrap">
        <input type="text" ng-model="user.firstname" />
        <div ng-controller="SettingsController">
            <section block title="{{data.updateInfo.title}}" description="{{data.updateInfo.description}}">
                <div formrow label="{{data.updateInfo.labels.firstname}}" type="textInput" refobj='user' value="firstname"></div>
            </section>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

Additionally, I have included refobj and value in this section:

app.directive('formrow', function() {
    return {
        scope: {
            label: "@label",
            type: "@type",
            value: "@value",
            refobj: "="
        },
        replace: true,
        template: '<div class="form-row">' + 
            '<div class="form-label" data-ng-show="label">{{label}}</div>' + 
            '<div class="form-entry" ng-switch on="type">' + 
        '<input type="text" ng-model="refobj[value]" data-ng-switch-when="textInput" />' + 
            '</div>' + 
        '</div>'
    }

Answer №2

In the directive, the textbox uses a primitive for its model (ng-model="value" instead of ng-model="someobj.somevalue"), which means that the model is limited to the local scope and not accessible to the parent.

To fix this issue, you can follow the dot rule and define the directive textbox model as an object property:

ng-model="value.firstname"

Then, make sure to pass the entire user object into the directive, rather than just the primitive property:

<div formrow ... value="user"></div>

Check out this demo for reference.

Answer №3

The issue stems from the use of ng-switch, as explained in the documentation found at Understanding scope on GitHub.

Inheritance of scopes in ng-switch functions similarly to ng-include. To enable two-way data binding with a primitive value in the parent scope, utilize $parent or modify the model to an object and bind to a property within that object. This prevents child scopes overshadowing properties of the parent scope.

When entering text into a textbox, the following code will execute within the context of the ng-switch scope.

$scope.value="the text you entered"

As a result, instead of searching through the prototype chain for value, a new property is created within the ng-switch scope.

How can this be tested?

If you change value to $parent.value, everything should function properly. In cases where AngularJS identifies value as a primitive type (indicated by the absence of a dot), $parent will point to the scope of the formrow directive within ng-switch.

Removing ng-switch or following the instructions provided in the documentation should resolve the issue.

Additionally, it's advisable to always include a dot . when referencing the model in order to implement bidirectional binding effectively.

If any errors were made in this explanation, please feel free to correct them for accuracy. Thank you.

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