Can you please explain the significance of (session?._id)?

export default NextAuth({
  ...
  callbacks: {
    session: async ({ session, token }) => {
      if (session?.user) {
        session.user.id = token.uid;
      }
      return session;
    },
    jwt: async ({ user, token }) => {
      if (user) {
        token.uid = user.id;
      }
      return token;
    },
  },
  session: {
    strategy: 'jwt',
  },
  ...
});

I'm curious about the statement "if (session?.user)". Can someone explain its meaning to me?

  1. Why is it written as "if (session.user?)" instead of "if (session?.user)"?
  2. I thought the question mark operator should be followed by a colon to express true and false situations. Why is there just a question mark in this case?

Answer №1

Using session?.user checks for the existence of the session object and ensures it has a truthy user property before attempting to access it.

Writing session.user? is not a valid JavaScript syntax.

The use of ?. represents the optional chaining operator, whereas ? : denotes conditional checking; these are distinct concepts in programming.

Answer №2

Consider this scenario

let variable = undefined;
variable.example

If the variable is undefined, an error will be thrown. To prevent this issue, you can utilize:

let variable = undefined;
variable?.example

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