Best Practices for Handling URL-Encoded Form Data in the Latest Version of Next.js

Currently delving into Next.js 13, I've implemented a form within my application for submitting a username and password to the server. The form's action path is designated as /submit with a POST request method. Yet, I'm encountering difficulty in deciphering how to receive and process the URL-encoded form data on the server-side.

Below showcases a simplified iteration of my form:

<form action="/submit" method="post">
  <label htmlFor="username">Username:</label>
  <input type="text" id="username" name="username" />

  <label htmlFor="password">Password:</label>
  <input type="password" id="password" name="password" />

  <button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

In context of my Next.js application, what steps can be taken to access and manage the data submitted via this form? Specifically, the aim is to retrieve details from the username and password fields.

Explorations have led me to consider utilizing req.body within my Middleware function by importing NextRequest, but observations indicate that it isn't automatically populated with the form data. Are there any specific configurations needed to handle URL-encoded form data effectively in the realm of Next.js 13?

Your assistance or direction on this matter would be truly valued! Thank you in advance.

Answer №1

In order to access FormData within your Next.js middleware, you will need to utilize the following code:

export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
  const data = await req.formData()
  const username = data.get('username')
  const password = data.get('password')

  ...
}

This information is not accessible through req.body

Answer №2

Instead of relying on a traditional route handler, an alternative approach is to utilize Server Actions in your Next.js application. These actions can automatically handle FormData objects when called within a form, eliminating the need for using React's useState to manage fields. Instead, you can easily extract data using native FormData methods.

export default async function MyPage() {
  const login = async (formData: FormData) => {
    "use server";
    const username = formData.get('username');
    const password = formData.get('password');
  };

  return (
    <form action={login}>}>
      <input type="text" name="username" />
      <input type="password" name="password" />
      <button type="submit">Login</button>
    </form>
  );
}

For forms with multiple fields, utilizing JavaScript's entries() method along with Object.fromEntries() can streamline data management. For example:

const rawFormData = Object.fromEntries(formData.entries())

To enhance your form handling experience, be sure to implement error and loading states. You can refer to this example as a starting point!

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