Best method to run AJAX-retrieved JavaScript code without relying on jQuery

Imagine receiving a response to an AJAX data load request containing a combination of JavaScript and HTML, like this:

<script>window.alert('Hello World!');</script>
<p>This is a paragraph. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...</p>

If I simply insert this response into a div or another container, the script won't be executed automatically. I understand that using the eval() function can achieve this (as shown in the example below), but eval is generally discouraged. So, how can I handle this situation properly? Note: I am not utilizing jQuery.

Here's an illustration of an AJAX loader:

function Load(id,url){
    var ajax=new XMLHttpRequest();
    ajax.onreadystatechange=function(){
        if(ajax.readyState!=4)return;
        var obj=document.getElementById(id);
        if(!obj)return;
        obj.innerHTML=ajax.responseText;

        // execute any scripts
        var scripts=obj.getElementsByTagName('script');
        for(var i=0;i<scripts.length;++i)window.eval(scripts[i].innerHTML); // <-- not recommended
    }
    ajax.open("GET",url,true);
    ajax.send(null);
}

Answer №1

When incorporating user input into a script on your website, it's crucial to be aware of the potential risks involved. The script has the capability to perform actions typical of JavaScript code, such as stealing cookies, executing cross-site scripting attacks, or distributing malware.

To minimize these risks, the best practice is to avoid using the eval() function with user-provided content. Instead, consider implementing one of the following alternatives:

  1. Utilize an iframe to contain and run the user's script within a controlled environment. For more information, refer to:
  2. Implement Caja, a tool that facilitates secure embedding of DHTML web applications from external sources. Caja enables seamless interaction between the hosting page and the embedded applications, employing an object-capability security model to enforce various security policies. Learn more at: http://code.google.com/p/google-caja/

Answer №2

Utilizing the eval function in this context isn't inherently malevolent; it's similar to dynamically inserting a script tag that fetches and executes a .js file. However, there are alternative methods available. For example, you could dynamically generate a script tag, create a text node containing the script tag's content, and then append it to the document. Unlike using innerHTML, this approach will actually execute the script. The primary benefit over eval is the potential for a more informative stack trace in the event of a crash or syntax error.

var newScriptTag = document.createElement('script');
newScriptTag.appendChild(document.createTextNode(
     origScriptTag.innerHTML)
document.body.appendChild(newScriptTag);

Answer №3

Today, I successfully resolved an issue by moving my JavaScript code to the bottom of the response HTML.

I encountered a situation where an AJAX request returned HTML that needed to be displayed in an overlay. I had to add a click event to a button within this dynamically loaded content, but the typical methods of using "window.onload" or "$(document).ready" did not work as expected. Since this was not a new page load but rather an AJAX response, the event handler was not getting attached properly and my functionality was not working. To overcome this obstacle, I made the decision to place my JavaScript code at the end of the document to ensure it executed after the HTML and DOM elements had been rendered.

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