1: The result of foo && baz is not 1 because true equals to 1 in numerical terms.
var foo = 1;
var baz = 2;
foo && baz; // returns 2, which is considered as true
2: In the expression console.log(foo + +bar);, the two plus signs have a specific purpose. What is it?
var foo = 1;
var bar = '2';
console.log(foo + +bar);
The reason for this behavior is due to the && (logical AND) operator, which returns the value of the last operand it evaluates. In this case, since foo is evaluated as true, it must then check the value of bar to determine the overall result (which will only be true if both are true).
On the other hand, with the || (logical OR) operator, when foo is true, the entire expression is immediately known to be true without needing to evaluate bar. Therefore, the value of foo is returned in this scenario.
To address your second query, the unary + operator is useful for converting the string '2' into the numeric value 2.
&& is an operator that returns the value of the last evaluated expression. It is commonly used in contexts such as:
if ( something && somethingelse ) {}
For example:
0 && 2 //would return 0 because 0 is a falsy value
12 && 10 && 0 && 100 // would return 0
10 && 123 && "abc" // returns "abc"
+ is typically used as a mathematical operator, but it can also be used to convert a string into a number.
1 + 1 = 2
1 + '1' = 11 //Van Damme would appreciate this one
1 + +'1' = 2 //since '1' was converted to a number
Short Circuit Evaluation is a key concept in Javascript, where the language will return the last value if both values are considered true. You can learn more about this feature by visiting the Wikipedia page on Short Circuit Evaluation.
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