Which type of data structure is most ideal for efficiently searching through text data?

When exploring platforms like DnD Insider and the Kindle app, users can efficiently search for specific text strings within a vast amount of text data. If I were to develop a web application that enables users to swiftly search through a "rulebook" (or similar text) for relevant information and display it, how should I structure the data?

I am hesitant about storing all the data in memory. However, if I were to save it in a database, what would be the optimal method for searching the database and retrieving the appropriate information?

At this point, I am considering using the Boyer-Moore algorithm for the search process. I could store different sections of rule-text as separate entries in the database. When conducting a user search, the emphasis will be on scanning section titles rather than the body text. Since the text content will remain static and non-editable by users, perhaps utilizing an array to store each word might prove effective?

Answer №1

Traditionally, an inverted index is commonly utilized for this task: https://example.com/inverted_index

Essentially, it serves as a reference point for each word to a compilation of their appearances. Each "appearance" may consist of a (document ID, frequency count), or something more detailed if you wish to cater towards phrase searches or prioritize matches in titles.

Search outcomes are typically ranked using some form of tf-idf algorithm: https://example.com/tf-idf

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