When attempting to utilize putImageData on the HTML5 canvas context, an error occurs stating that the overload resolution has failed

While following the MDN canvas tutorial, I encountered an issue with a code snippet I wrote. The code is supposed to color the top left corner (50x50 pixels) of the canvas in red.

However, I'm receiving an error message that says Overload resolution failed and I haven't been able to find a solution through Google searches.

Test002.html:35 Uncaught TypeError: Failed to execute 'putImageData' on 'CanvasRenderingContext2D': Overload resolution failed.
    at draw (Test002.html:35:8)
draw @ Test002.html:35
load (async)
(anonymous) @ Test002.html:48
    

This issue occurred in my testing with Chrome. I'm not quite sure where I went wrong... Any thoughts or suggestions?

<html>
    <body>
        <canvas id="canvas1" width="800" height="600" style="border: 1px solid black;">

    <script type="text/javascript">

        const canvas = document.getElementById("canvas1");
        const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");

        const idata = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
        console.log(idata);


        const getColorIndicesForCoord = (x, y, width) => {
          const red = y * (width * 4) + x * 4;
          return [red, red + 1, red + 2, red + 3];
        };

        const colorIndices = getColorIndicesForCoord(5, 5, canvas.width);

        const [redIndex, greenIndex, blueIndex, alphaIndex] = colorIndices;

        function draw() {

            console.log("Started drawing.");

            for (let i=0; i<50; i++) {
                for (let j=0; j<50; j++) {
                    putPixel(i, j, 200, 0, 0);
                }
            }

            // (imageData, xLoc, yLoc, 0, 0, imgWidth, imgHeight); 

            ctx.putImageData(idata, 0, 0, 0, 0);

            console.log("Finished drawing.");
        }

        function putPixel(x,y,r,g,b) {
            let colorIndices = getColorIndicesForCoord(x, y, canvas.width);
            idata[colorIndices[0]] = r;
            idata[colorIndices[1]] = g;
            idata[colorIndices[2]] = b;
            // idata[colorIndices[3]] = a;
        }

        window.addEventListener("load", draw);

    </script>
    </body>

</html>

Answer №1

The issue in FF is more evident:

Uncaught TypeError: CanvasRenderingContext2D.putImageData:
5 is not a valid argument count for any overload.

Refer to MDN for the correct overloads:

putImageData(imageData, dx, dy)
putImageData(imageData, dx, dy, dirtyX, dirtyY, dirtyWidth, dirtyHeight)

You can choose either 3 or 7 arguments, but you provided 5.

I also recommend simplifying the problem--you can replicate this with just a few lines of code--create a canvas, create a context, and invoke .putImageData() with 5 arguments:

const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
const imageData = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
ctx.putImageData(imageData, 0, 0, 0, 0);

Solution:

const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
const imageData = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
ctx.putImageData(imageData, 0, 0, 0, 0, imageData.width, imageData.height);
// or ctx.putImageData(imageData, 0, 0);

Apart from that, your putPixel function is incorrect. It's updating properties on the idata object, not idata.data, where the actual image data buffer exists. Furthermore, the alpha should be 255 to ensure the color is not transparent.

function putPixel(x, y, r, g, b) {
    const colorIndices = getColorIndicesForCoord(x, y, canvas.width);
    idata.data[colorIndices[0]] = r;
    idata.data[colorIndices[1]] = g;
    idata.data[colorIndices[2]] = b;
    idata.data[colorIndices[3]] = 255;
}

However, the code structure here could be improved. Creating a new array for getColorIndicesForCoord can be resource-intensive, so consider translating coordinates to a linear array one by one to avoid numerous allocations per frame. While optimization is important, it's also crucial to focus on functionality first before abstracting functions to enhance the overall code quality.

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