When a single object is entered, JSON returns 'undefined', however, it works successfully when using the .map() function

Utilizing Axios to fetch data from DeezerAPI, I initially rendered information using .map() and everything worked smoothly when passing it to a Component. However, when attempting to access a single JSON object, I encountered an 'undefined' error.

Here is a snippet of the Axios request in React.js

//Using Redux state
//No issues with Redux
const apiData = useSelector((state) => state.data);

//Local State to store fetched data from API
const [Songs, setSongs] = useState([]);

//Fetching data through AXIOS
useEffect(() => {
    const getFetchData = async () => {
      try {
        const res = await axios.request({
          method: "GET",
          url: "https://deezerdevs-deezer.p.rapidapi.com/search",
          params: { q: apiData }, //for searching an artist, song...
          headers: {
            "X-RapidAPI-Host": "deezerdevs-deezer.p.rapidapi.com",
            "X-RapidAPI-Key": "randomNumbersKey",
          },
        });
        const data = res.data.data;
        setSongs(data); //stored in state
      } catch (error) {
        console.log(error);
      }
    };
    getFetchData();
  }, [apiData]); 

Sample data from API

When trying to access a single JSON object using console.log() like the example below

console.log(Songs[0].title)

An error message appears:

Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'title')

It's perplexing why this occurs only when selecting a single object, as using .map() does not trigger any issues.

Appreciate any assistance in advance! :D

Answer №1

The initial state value is [].

You have the option to map over it (yielding an empty array), but attempting to access Songs[0] will result in undefined, and accessing a property of it will trigger an error.

Following the initial render, the effect hook will execute, and subsequently, the Ajax response will arrive, updating the state value (presumably with a non-empty array).

Therefore, until this update occurs, the nonexistent first element of the array remains inaccessible.

You might consider employing a conditional check:

if (Songs[0]) {
    // something involving Songs[0].title
} else {
    // Do something else
} 

Answer №2

It appears that you are experiencing a common issue with asynchronous programming. The fetch function and setState method both run asynchronously, causing the render function to continue executing without waiting for the fetch to complete. This results in the variable Songs being an empty array when you try to access it in the render function, leading to the error message you are encountering.

When developing a React component, it is important to always consider scenarios where certain operations have not yet been completed and your state remains at its initial/default value. Using the map method in this case can help address this issue, as mapping over an empty array will result in another empty array that React won't render. Alternatively, you can check if you are still in the initial state and return null to prevent any rendering until the state has been updated.

Remember, in React, it's crucial not to make assumptions about the current state of your application. Instead, handle each possible state individually to ensure proper functionality.

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