What sets Vue.js apart, class and staticClass - is there a distinction?

Can someone explain the distinction between class and staticClass in Vue.js render functions? While using Template Compilation, I noticed that the output varies based on what is provided to the HTML class attribute.

For instance, when passing a single string (e.g. 'foo'), it generates staticClass inside the data object:

<div class="foo"></div>

which compiles to:

function anonymous() {
  with(this){return _c('div',{staticClass:"foo"})}
}

However, if we add a colon : (shorthand for v-bind) before the class attribute, it outputs class:

<div :class="'foo'"></div>

resulting in:

function anonymous() {
  with(this){return _c('div',{class:'foo'})}
}

I am interested in knowing the difference between class and staticClass, and which one is preferred when creating custom render functions.

I have searched online but couldn't find a clear answer.

Thank you in advance.

Answer №1

One key distinction is that staticClass is limited to being a string, whereas class supports various formats like arrays and objects.

The class attribute holds special significance in the Vue.js framework. Unlike most attributes, you cannot specify both a bound and non-bound version concurrently on the same element. Additionally, merging of these attributes from nested components requires a different approach, as illustrated here:

https://github.com/vuejs/vue/blob/531371b818b0e31a989a06df43789728f23dc4e8/src/platforms/web/util/class.js

During the compilation of templates into render functions, certain undocumented features are utilized to leverage additional information derived from the template itself. An example of this can be seen with the understanding that an unbound class is solely a string, hence stored separately as staticClass.

In theory, there are a few advantages to this approach:

  1. Modifying the value does not need to consider the array and object forms of class.
  2. staticClass remains static and unaffected by changes, eliminating the need for DOM updates involving it.

However, in practice, the second optimization is not actually implemented, and while there may be something resembling it in the template compiler, it doesn't serve the same purpose. Examining the code suggests that this separation of concepts adds complexity without clear benefits in terms of manipulation. It might be possible that performance benchmarks indicate otherwise...

When determining which option to use within your render functions, it is advisable to stick with class as it is documented:

https://v2.vuejs.org/v2/guide/render-function.html#The-Data-Object-In-Depth

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