What sets apart using 'self.fn.apply(self, message)' from 'self.fn(message)', and what are the advantages of using the former method?

Whenever I come across code that looks like this

newPromise.promiseDispatch.apply(newPromise, message)
, I can't help but wonder why they didn't simply use
newPromise.promiseDispathch(message)

Answer №1

One major distinction lies in the fact that apply requires a specific this binding and an array of arguments, instead of listing each argument individually within parenthesis when calling a function.

For instance, if we have

foo.bar = (...args) => console.log(args)
, using foo.bar.apply(foo, [1, 2, 3]) will output 1, 2, 3 (treating each element in the array as separate arguments), while foo.bar([1, 2, 3]) will print [1, 2, 3] (treating the whole array as a single argument).

On the other hand, the call method is more akin to traditional function calls, as it accepts arguments individually. Using foo.bar.call(foo, 1, 2, 3) is equivalent to foo.bar(1, 2, 3).

It is typical to use either method when the provided scope differs from the object (foo.bar.call(baz, ...)), allowing for dynamic scoping on unbound methods. Additionally, apply is commonly employed when dealing with arrays of arguments, such as in logging scenarios (

let args = [clazz, level, timestamp, ...msg]; logger.apply(this, args);
).

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