What purpose do the double brackets serve in JavaScript syntax?

I'm seeking clarification on a specific line within the function provided below:

  , results = [[letters.shift()]] 

Could you explain what the double bracket signifies in this context?

function generateStringPermutations(str) {
    let letters = str.split('')
      , results = [[letters.shift()]] 
    while (letters.length) {
        const currLetter = letters.shift()
        let tmpResults = []
        results.forEach(result => {
            let rIdx = 0
            while (rIdx <= result.length) {
                const tmp = [...result]
                tmp.splice(rIdx, 0, currLetter)
                tmpResults.push(tmp)
                rIdx++
            }
        })
        results = tmpResults
    }
    return results
      .map(letterArray => letterArray.join(''))
      .filter((el, idx, self) => (self.indexOf(el) === idx))
      .sort()
}

Answer №1

Using the outer [ ] creates an array while using the inner [ ] inside it creates a new array. This results in having an array nested within another array. The only element of the outer array is the inner array, and the only element of the inner array is the result of the shift() function. To clarify, the structure can be formatted as follows:

[
    [
        letters.shift()
    ]
]

Therefore, the use of double brackets does not represent a special construct in JavaScript.

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