My database uses the ISO-8859-1 codepage, and I prefer to make all AJAX requests in this codepage. Can you provide guidance on how to correctly set the content-type for AJAX requests?
My database uses the ISO-8859-1 codepage, and I prefer to make all AJAX requests in this codepage. Can you provide guidance on how to correctly set the content-type for AJAX requests?
Despite the negative comments, one possible solution is:
let request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open("GET", url, false);
request.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=ISO-8859-1')
For those utilizing jQuery: https://example.com/code-snippet
The W3C specification outlines that in the majority of cases, the charset for XMLHttpRequest.send() will default to UTF-8, regardless of any specified encoding. Even if a specific charset is indicated, it may still be overridden by UTF-8:
If a Content-Type header is present in the author's request headers with a charset parameter that does not match the specified encoding, the charset parameters of that header will be set to the specified encoding.
There is flexibility for the User Agent to determine encoding: by setting the page's encoding to ISO-8859-1, the UA may assume this encoding for form submissions and potentially AJAX requests, depending on the W3C algorithm's interpretation.
For a reliable solution, set the encoding of the page where the visitor interacts with AJAX content to ISO-8859-1, and ensure conversion to ISO on the back-end during data processing (especially when sanitizing user input before database entry). Various library functions in PHP or other languages can assist with this conversion. To adhere to specifications, validate and ensure proper encoding handling on the back-end.
Let's dive into the world of encoding and the charset parameter. These concepts revolve around how the raw bytes transmitted across the network are interpreted.
Imagine a scenario where we have the content type
application/x-www-form-urlencoded0x61253344254345254232
In this case, since there is no specified charset (and in reality, charset is not a valid parameter for this content type...), ISO-8859-1 is assumed for decoding. Thus, processing the above data under ISO-8859-1 yields:
"a%3D%CE%B2"
Furthermore, there exists another decoding format (form urlencoded) with its distinct rules. According to the latest specifications, UTF-8 is mandated for percent encoding. After the transformation from string to string, we arrive at:
"a=ß"
It's evident that this format exclusively utilizes ASCII characters, rendering the charset irrelevant and unsupported.
Your core issue does not pertain to the encoding utilized for percent encoding. Even if you were to implement a custom function for percent-encoding in ISO-8859-1, the server would still need to decode and re-encode it for the database. This approach offers no tangible benefits.
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