What is the process involved in executing the following script in Javascript?

var a;
console.log(a);

+function() {
  alert("Hello from IIFE!");
}();

console.log(a);
a = 'Hi';

Output in console: undefined ALERT POPUP Hi

Question: Should both instances of variable 'a' display undefined or should they both show 'Hi?

Exploring how JavaScript functions in various scenarios

Answer №1

  1. a starts as undefined.
  2. We see that undefined gets printed to the console.
  3. An alert message pops up saying "Hello from IIFE!".
  4. The console shows undefined again.
  5. Next, we assign 'Hi' to a.

If you try this out in your browser's developer tools, you'll notice a similar pattern but with a slight variation. In a fresh console session, the output will be:

  1. undefined
  2. alert
  3. undefined
  4. 'Hi'

The final 'Hi' that you see is actually the return value when assigning a value to a variable.

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