What is the method for retrieving a component instance within the data section of a Vue.js template?

I am currently working on a component with complex rendering logic. To simplify the process, I am trying to move this logic into helper classes. In order to achieve this, I am creating class references in the data section for reactivity:

export default {
  data: () => ({
    state: new InitialState(this),
    query: new QueryController(this)
  })
}

My understanding is that at this point, the context of this is not yet defined. This leads me to have two questions.

1) Is there a way to pass the component context this within the data section without using lifecycle hooks?

2) Could referencing external classes in Vue.js go against the philosophy of Vue.js?

Answer №1

When the data function runs, the component instance is already accessible, which is why it must be a function.

Using arrow functions for dynamic this can lead to issues due to how lexical scope works. It is recommended to structure your code like this:

  data() {
    return {
      state: new InitialState(this),
      query: new QueryController(this)
    };
  })

The problem with passing this to InitialState is that the entire component instance is transferred instead of just relevant data, violating the principle of least privilege.

While Vue does not prioritize OOP, utilizing classes is acceptable. However, there are potential challenges such as compatibility issues with Vue reactivity and the inability to serialize classes to JSON without extra steps, limiting how application state can be managed.

Answer №2

It seems that currently, the context of this has not been defined yet.

This is due to how the code has been written. The component instance does exist and can be accessed. It is commonly used to retrieve prop values for setting initial data properties.

An example from the documentation illustrates this concept:

https://v2.vuejs.org/v2/guide/components-props.html#One-Way-Data-Flow

export default {
  props: ['initialCounter'],
  data: function () {
    return {
      counter: this.initialCounter
    }
  }
}

The reason your code may not be working is likely because you are using an arrow function. By making a slight adjustment as shown below, this will become accessible:

export default {
  data () {
    return {
      state: new InitialState(this),
      query: new QueryController(this)
    }
  }
}

Refer to this note as well:

https://v2.vuejs.org/v2/api/#data

Note that when using an arrow function with the data property, this will not refer to the component’s instance directly. You can still access the instance as the first argument of the function.

In regards to your question about utilizing classes like this in Vue...

While it might not be the recommended approach, it is possible to make them work as long as you comprehend their limitations. Understanding how Vue reactivity functions, especially the property rewriting aspect, is crucial to effectively use classes like this. Ensure that any reactive properties are exposed as object properties so Vue can manage them accordingly.

If these objects do not require reactivity, avoid placing them in data. Instead, consider defining properties within the created hook to prevent unnecessary reactive handling. As long as they remain as instance properties, they will still be accessible in templates without the need for data.

Answer №3

In my opinion, using the computed method is a more effective approach to achieving your desired outcome

export default {
    computed:{
        state(){
            return new InitialState(this);
        },
        query(){
            return new QueryController(this);
        }
    }
}

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