What distinguishes reference types from primitive types like boolean and numbers?

Is it true that we have the option to define numbers like this:

const num = 10;

Or can we only use this way of declaration:

let num = new Number(10);

I'm curious if I am limited to the first variation for declaring numbers.

Answer №1

A wise choice is to always opt for the first method, as it provides a primitive value as the output.

Although the second method may seem like it returns a primitive value, in reality, it actually returns an object containing a boxed primitive value.

Let's illustrate this concept with the declaration of two variables:

var x = 5;
var y = new Number(5);

When comparing x == y, JavaScript will coerce y into a primitive value of 5, resulting in a true evaluation. However, when comparing x === y, the comparison will return false due to the difference in types: x being a primitive and y being an object.

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