What causes non-reactive variables to act unusual in Vue3?

Check out this code snippet:

<template>
  <input type="button" value="click" @click="clickBtn"/>
  <div id="reactiveDiv">{{ reactiveVariable }}</div>
  <div id="noneReactiveDiv">{{ noneReactiveVariable }}</div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, nextTick } from "vue"

const reactiveVariable = ref('reactive')

let noneReactiveVariable = 'non reactive '

function clickBtn(){
  reactiveVariable.value = (new Date().getTime()).toString()
  noneReactiveVariable = (new Date().getTime()).toString()

  nextTick(()=>{
    console.log('next tick')
  })
}

</script>

In the provided code, there are two variables: reactiveVariable which is reactive and noneReactiveVariable which is not.

The main question arising here is:

  1. Upon clicking the button, both variables in the template change. It appears that even though noneReactiveVariable is not defined with a ref or reactive keyword, it still changes when reactiveVariable's value changes. This behavior may be due to the update triggered by the change in reactiveVariable. Further investigation is required to confirm this assumption.

  2. If we modify the template as follows:

<template>
  <input type="button" value="click" @click="clickBtn"/>
  <div id="noneReactiveDiv">{{ noneReactiveVariable }}</div>
</template>

In this case, clicking the button does not cause any change to the noneReactiveVariable in the template. Despite this, the console log within the nextTick function indicates that the UI or template has indeed been updated. The discrepancy between the behaviors raises the question of why noneReactiveVariable doesn't reflect a change in the template post-update like it did before when reactiveVariable was modified.

Update: After making slight adjustments to the code structure, the noneReactiveVariable is now being altered by a different function than the one affecting reactiveVariable. Surprisingly, even in this scenario, the noneReactiveVariable continues to be updated and reflected in the DOM upon clicking the button.

<template>
    <input type="button" value="click" @click="clickBtn"/>
    <div id="reactiveDiv">{{ reactiveVariable }}</div>
    <div id="noneReactiveDiv">{{ noneReactiveVariable }}</div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, nextTick, onMounted } from "vue"

const reactiveVariable = ref('reactive')

let noneReactiveVariable = 'non reactive '

onMounted(()=>{
    setInterval(()=>{
        noneReactiveVariable = (new Date().getTime()).toString()
    },1000)
})

function clickBtn(){
    reactiveVariable.value = (new Date().getTime()).toString()

    nextTick(()=>{
        console.log('next tick')
    })
}

</script>

Answer №1

Recently delving into VueJs, I discovered that when using reactive variables created with "ref" or "reactive", Vue internally tracks dependencies to automatically update the template upon changes. The reactivity system in Vue is intelligent enough to detect modifications to reactive variables and prompt a re-rendering of the template.

In the first code snippet, both reactiveVariable and noneReactiveVariable are displayed in the template. When reactiveVariable undergoes a change, Vue detects this alteration and updates the corresponding section of the template.

Conversely, in the second piece of code, only noneReactiveVariable is visible. In this scenario, if reactiveVariable changes, Vue does not recognize any dependency on noneReactiveVariable and therefore does not trigger an update for it in the template.

Regarding your inquiry about the nextTick function, although I am unfamiliar with its workings, per my understanding from reading the documentation at https://nodejs.org/en/docs/guides/event-loop-timers-and-nexttick, it serves to delay execution until the subsequent DOM update cycle before running the provided callback. While invoking nextTick does not immediately refresh the template, it guarantees that the callback will execute after the DOM has been updated following current state modifications. Thus, in your case, console.log('next tick') will be triggered post-DOM update; however, as noneReactiveVariable lacks reactivity in your second code snippet, changes to it will not prompt a template update.

I trust this explanation addresses your concerns effectively.

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