What alternatives are there to angular scope functions?

I find angular scope functions challenging to work with due to their lack of a clear contract. They extract parameters from the scope and store results back into the scope, rather than explicitly defining function parameters and returning a result. Consider this example (plunkr):

HTML

<html ng-app="exampleApp">

  <head>
    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.5.6/angular.min.js"></script>
    <script src="myctrl.js"></script>
  </head>

  <body ng-controller="MyCtrl">
    Here are my parameters:
    <input type="number" ng-model="first"> + <input type="number" ng-model="second">
    <button ng-click="sum()">Sum it!</button>
    <p>{{result}}</p>
  </body>

</html>

JS

//myctrl.js
var app = angular.module('exampleApp', []);

app.controller('MyCtrl', function($scope) {
  $scope.sum = function() {
    $scope.result = $scope.first + $scope.second;
  }
});

When these functions get longer than 10 lines, understanding the main purpose can become difficult. Additionally, I struggle with documenting them using jsdoc. Are there any best practices for creating more effective functions in angular?

P.S. The example provided is simplified; typically my functions would involve querying an angular service and processing the result for display.

P.P.S. Although many recommend using the controller as syntax, I believe it doesn't fully address the issue as the function still lacks a return value and relies heavily on side-effects.

Answer №1

You should consider utilizing the controller as syntax over using $scope.

<body ng-controller="MyCtrl as ctrl">

  <body ng-controller="MyCtrl as ctrl">
    Below are my parameters:
    <input type="number" ng-model="ctrl.first"> + <input type="number" ng-model="ctrl.second">
    <button ng-click="ctrl.sum()">Add Them!</button>
    <p>{{ctrl.result}}</p>
  </body>

IN JS

//myctrl.js

var app = angular.module('exampleApp', []);

app.controller('MyCtrl', function() {
 var vm = this;
  vm.sum = function() {
   vm.result = vm.first + vm.second;
  }
});

Answer №2

Indeed, relying on the scope object for everything can lead to confusion in terms of dependencies and make the codebase longer. A better approach is to expose the controller as an object within the scope and establish a direct binding with the view using the controller as syntax:

function MyCtrl() {
    this.first = 0;
    this.second = 0;
    this.result = 0;
}

MyCtrl.prototype.sum = function () {
    this.result = this.first + this.second;
}

angular.module('example', []).controller('MyCtrl', MyCtrl);
<body ng-controller="MyCtrl as ctrl">
    Here are my parameters:
    <input type="number" ng-model="ctrl.first"> + <input type="number" ng-model="ctrl.second">
    <button ng-click="ctrl.sum()">Calculate!</button>
    <p>{{ ctrl.result }}</p>
</body>

For more information, visit this link.

Answer №3

As stated in the "Angular Style guide" on GitHub, it is advised to utilize the controllerAs syntax instead of the traditional controller with $scope.

First reason: Controllers are designed as constructors creating a single new instance, making the controllerAs syntax more aligned with JavaScript constructor syntax than the $scope syntax.

Second reason: It encourages binding to a "dotted" object in the View (e.g. customer.name instead of name), which enhances readability and prevents any reference issues that may arise without using the "dotting" convention.

Third reason: Eases the need for $parent calls in Views containing nested controllers.

<!-- avoid -->
<div ng-controller="CustomerController">
    {{ name }}
</div>

<!-- recommended -->
<div ng-controller="CustomerController as customer">
    {{ customer.name }}
</div>

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