Using .htaccess file to optimize SEO crawling for single page applications that do not use hashbangs

When using a page with pushState enabled, the typical method of redirecting SEO bots involves utilizing the escaped_fragment convention. More information on this can be found here.

This convention operates under the assumption that a hashbang prefix (#!) will be used before all URIs in a single-page application. SEO bots will then replace this hashbang with their own recognizable convention - escaped_fragment - when requesting a page.

//Your page
http://example.com/#!home

//Requested by bots as
http://example.com/?_escaped_fragment=home

This approach enables site administrators to identify bots and direct them to cached prerendered pages.

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^_escaped_fragment_=(.*)$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$  https://s3.amazonaws.com/mybucket/$1 [P,QSA,L]

The issue arises from the fact that the hashbang is becoming outdated with the widespread use of pushState support. This method is not only unappealing but also lacks user intuitiveness.

So, what if we transitioned to HTML5 mode where pushState governs the entire user application?

//Your index is using pushState
http://example.com/

//Your category is using pushState (non-folder)
http://example.com/category

//Your category/subcategory is using pushState
http://example.com/category/subcategory

Can rewrite rules still lead bots to the cached version using this newer approach? A related inquiry focusing on the index edge case. Google also offers guidance through an article suggesting an opt-in technique for this singular instance using

<meta name="fragment" content="!">
in the <head> section of the page. Here, however, we are exploring how to handle every page as an opt-in scenario.

http://example.com/?escaped_fragment=
http://example.com/category?escaped_fragment=
http://example.com/category/subcategory?escaped_fragment=

I propose that the escaped_fragment could continue to serve as an identifier for SEO bots, allowing me to extract the section between the domain and this identifier to append it to my bucket location like so:

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^_escaped_fragment_=$
# (basic example, further implementation required)
# extract "category/subcategory" == $2
# from http://example.com/category/subcategory?escaped_fragment=
RewriteRule ^(.*)$  https://s3.amazonaws.com/mybucket/$2 [P,QSA,L]

What would be the most effective approach to address this situation?

Answer №1

Encountered a similar issue with a one-page website.

The only effective solution I discovered was to generate static versions of the pages in order to ensure accessibility for search engine bots like Google.

You have the option to create these static versions manually, or take advantage of services that automate this process and serve cached snapshots via their content delivery network (CDN).

In my case, I opted for SEO4Ajax, but there are other comparable services available as well!

Answer №2

Dealing with the same issue, I made some changes to my .htaccess file:

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^_escaped_fragment_=(.*)$
RewriteRule ^$ /cached-pages/index.html? [L,NC]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^_escaped_fragment_=(.*)$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /cached-pages/$1.html? [L,NC]

It seems to be doing the trick for now. Just make sure your snapshot directory structure matches your URL setup.

Answer №3

While working with Symfony2, I have heard from fellow developers that Googlebot and Bingbot are capable of executing JavaScript to generate their own HTML snippets. However, I still have some doubts about this and feel inclined towards serving static resources as a better option for users who have JavaScript turned off, even though that scenario is quite rare. Therefore, I am interested in exploring the possibility of serving HTML snippets without much hassle. Below is a method that I am contemplating but have not yet experimented with:

If you want to explore similar questions on Stack Overflow, here are some links, including one asked by me:
Angularjs vs SEO vs pushState
HTML snippets for AngularJS app that uses pushState?

In response to the question mentioned above, I proposed a solution that I am considering implementing for myself, especially if I need to send HTML snippets to bots. This solution is tailored for a Symfony2 backend:

  1. Utilize prerender or a similar service to generate static snippets for all your pages and store them in a location accessible by your router.
  2. In your Symfony2 routing file, create a route that corresponds to your SPA. For example, if you have a test SPA running at localhost.com/ng-test/, your route setup might look like this:

    # Adding a trailing / to this route breaks it. Not sure why.

    # This is also not formatting correctly in StackOverflow. This is yaml.

    NgTestReroute:
    ----path: /ng-test/{one}/{two}/{three}/{four}

    ----defaults:
    --------_controller: DriverSideSiteBundle:NgTest:ngTestReroute

    --------'one': null
    --------'two': null
    --------'three': null
    --------'four': null
    ----methods: [GET]

  3. In your Symfony2 controller, inspect the user-agent to identify if it belongs to Googlebot or Bingbot. You can achieve this using the code snippet below, and then target the specific bots you are interested in ()...

    if(strstr(strtolower($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']), "googlebot"))

    {
    // what to do
    }

  4. If your controller identifies a bot match, serve it the HTML snippet. Otherwise, in cases like my AngularJS app, redirect the user to the index page and let Angular handle the rest effectively.

If your query has been resolved satisfactorily, please mark an answer so that it can assist others in understanding what worked for you.

Answer №4

Utilizing PhantomJS for creating static snapshots of my website pages has been a game-changer. With a simple directory setup consisting of just one level (root and /projects), I've implemented two .htaccess files to handle the redirection to a PHP file (index-bots.php). This PHP file initiates a PhantomJS process targeted at my SPA's index.html and then generates and displays the rendered static pages.

The structure of my .htaccess files is as follows:

/.htaccess

# directing search engine bots to index-bots.php
# for serving rendered HTML through phantomjs
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (bot|crawl|slurp|spider) [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/index-bots\.php [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index-bots.php?url=%{REQUEST_URI} [L,QSA]

/projects/.htaccess

# redirecting search engine bots to index-bots.php
# to serve rendered HTML using phantomjs
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (bot|crawl|slurp|spider) [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ ../index-bots.php?url=%{REQUEST_URI} [L,QSA]

A few points to consider:

  • The !-f RewriteCond is crucial in preventing assets on the page from being rewritten to the PHP file, which could overload the server with multiple instances of PhantomJS processes.
  • Exempting index-bots.php from the rewrites is necessary to avoid looping endlessly.
  • In my PhantomJS script, I remove JavaScript to ensure that it doesn't interfere when viewed by bots capable of executing JS.
  • I'm no expert in .htaccess configurations, so there may be a more efficient approach to this setup. Any suggestions are welcome!

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