Tips on waiting for Vue component's asynchronous mount to complete before proceeding with testing

In my Vue2 component, I have an asynchronous lifecycle hook method:

// create report when component is loading
async mounted(): Promise<void> {
  await this.createReport();
}

Now, I want to test my component using jest and vue/test-utils, but the test needs to wait for the completion of the mounted() method.

const wrapper = await mount(MyComponent, {  // <-- no Promise, await has no effect
  localVue
});

await flushPromises(); // <-- is not waiting for the async mounted()

expect(wrapper.vm.currentReport.sections).toHaveLength(5); // <-- failing since createReport not finished

Unfortunately, both mount() and shallowMount() do not return a Promise and do not wait for the lifecycle hook to complete.

Currently, the only workaround has been using await flushPromises(), which doesn't affect the mounted method. Some have suggested using await mount() even though it doesn't return a Promise, but this also doesn't have any impact in this scenario. It seems that most tests pass because they are fast enough for the mounted method to finish before checking assertions. However, in cases where data loading takes longer, like a few seconds, this approach falls short.

While users see a loading screen and patiently wait for the component to be ready, jest does not have the same patience.

How can I ensure that my Vue tests with jest start only after the mounted logic has completed?

Answer №1

If you designate mounted as asynchronous, it does not halt the component from mounting until the promise is resolved or rejected. The component will still mount and the mounted function will resolve or reject at a later time.

If you prefer to wait for a specific event to occur (such as when this.createReport() resolves), within your mounted function, after using await, you can set a boolean to true (e.g: this.hasReport).

Subsequently, you can monitor this reactive data value with a watch directive for triggering other functionalities or utilize it in your <template> to ensure certain DOM elements are rendered only when the necessary data is available.


A common practice when testing asynchronous behavior is to simulate the async response. While you haven't elaborated on what createReport() does, it seemingly operates outside of the component's core logic. For unit tests, the specifics of its functionality may be inconsequential. It is advisable to mock various scenarios that need to be tested, like successful resolution or failure rejection.

Why employ mocking? Well, for instance, you wouldn't want your tests to fail due to internet connectivity issues during execution. Therefore, resorting to an actual HTTP request to a remote API should be substituted with a mock function returning a promise that either resolves with the anticipated data or rejects with the expected error.

All testing frameworks (jest, vitest, etc...) offer convenient facilities for mocking.

Refer to this resource on testing async behavior.


1 - Technically speaking, this assertion holds true exclusively for Vue 2. In Vue 3, there exists an experimental <Suspense> element, featuring two slots: content and fallback. If any component, regardless of depth, nestled within the content slot incorporates asynchronous created and/or mounted hooks, the <Suspense> element will exhibit the fallback slot content until all promises in the content slot conclude. Once every promise resolves or rejects, the content slot will be displayed.
Although this information isn't pertinent to your current scenario utilizing Vue 2 framework, it has been specified to prevent confusion among Vue 3 users.

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