The most effective method for modifying a prop in VueJS without altering the parent's data

In the main Vue component, there is an object named user.

If I pass this user object as a prop to a child component:

<child :user="user"></child>

When updating user.name in the child component, the changes also reflect in the parent component.

I am looking for a way to modify the user object in the child component without affecting the user object in the parent component.

Is there a more effective approach to achieve this rather than using JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj)) to clone the object?

Answer №1

One can avoid using the JSON object.

const child = {
  props:["user"],
  data(){
    return {
      localUser: Object.assign({}, this.user)
    }
  }
}

Utilize localUser (or choose any other name) within your child component.

Edit

I customized a fiddle from another answer to illustrate the aforementioned concept, prompting @user3743266's inquiry:

Understanding this myself, I have found it incredibly helpful. Your sample functions effectively. In the child component, you have created an element in data that duplicates the prop, and the child operates with that copy. Intriguing and practical, but... it is uncertain to me when the local copy gets updated if something alters the parent. I made adjustments to your fiddle by eliminating the v-ifs so everything is visible and replicating the edit component. If you modify the name in one component, the other does not receive any updates?

The current component appears as follows:

Vue.component('edit-user', {
  template: `
  <div>
    <input type="text" v-model="localUser.name">
    <button @click="$emit('save', localUser)">Save</button>
    <button @click="$emit('cancel')">Cancel</button>
  </div>
  `,
  props: ['user'],
  data() {
    return {
      localUser: Object.assign({}, this.user)
    }
  }
})

Due to my decision to use a locally duplicated user, @user3743266 rightly notes that the component does not update automatically. The property "user" is updated but "localUser" is not. In such a case, if automatic updating of local data upon property changes is desired, implementing a watcher would be necessary.

Vue.component('edit-user', {
  template: `
  <div>
    <input type="text" v-model="localUser.name">
    <button @click="$emit('save', localUser)">Save</button>
    <button @click="$emit('cancel')">Cancel</button>
  </div>
  `,
  props: ['user'],
  data() {
    return {
      localUser: Object.assign({}, this.user)
    }
  },
  watch:{
    user(newUser){
        this.localUser = Object.assign({}, newUser)
    }
  }
})

An updated version of the fiddle is provided.

This approach grants complete control over when or if local data should be updated or emitted. For instance, a condition check might be warranted before altering the local state.

  watch:{
    user(newUser){
      if (condition){
        this.localUser = Object.assign({}, newUser)
      }
    }
  }

As mentioned previously, there are scenarios where leveraging mutable object properties proves beneficial, while instances like this may require stricter control.

Answer №2

If you want the watcher to trigger at the first binding instead of just on prop change, you can use immediate=true like this:

watch: {
  test: {
    immediate: true,
    handler(newVal, oldVal) {
      console.log(newVal, oldVal)
    },
  },
}

Answer №3

One way to manage locally editable data is by creating a separate variable that only contains the information you want to be able to edit within your component. You can then load the initial value in the created method.

data() {
return { localUserData: {name: '', (...)}
}
(...)
created() {
    this.localUserData.name = this.user.name;
}

This approach helps maintain clarity and organization in your code by clearly defining which data is being edited locally. Depending on your specific requirements, you may also consider adding a watcher to automatically update the localData when changes are made to the user prop.

Answer №4

In this guide, it is stated that children are advised not to modify their parent's data directly. However, in this example, you can observe that if a parent passes reactive data to a child as a property, it is passed by reference and the parent can see any changes made by the child. This behavior aligns with what is typically desired, as modifications are explicitly shared by the parent. If you wish for the child to have its own independent copy of the data, you could consider using JSON.parse(JSON.stringify()), but be cautious as Vue-injected properties may be serialized in the process. It is important to note that props are reactive, so the parent could potentially override local changes by sending down a new set of data.

Could you provide more context on why having a separate copy for the child is necessary? What specific purpose does the child's copy serve? If the child's user data is systematically derived from the parent's data (e.g., capitalizing all text), exploring computed properties might offer a better solution.

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