The inner workings of v8's fast object storage method

After exploring the answer to whether v8 rehashes when an object grows, I am intrigued by how v8 manages to store "fast" objects.

According to the response:

Fast mode for property access is significantly faster, but it requires knowledge of the object's structure.

V8 initially creates a template of the object's makeup called a "Hidden Class". As the object evolves, it transitions through hidden classes until V8 resorts to storing it as a slow property.

I then inquired about whether v8 rehashes as an object expands, and this was the explanation provided:

There is no hashing involved at all - it operates based on memory access offsets, similar to a C struct.

(for fast mode objects)

The information also includes:

Objects in this scenario are not stored as hash maps; instead, they rely on a hidden class.

To sum up, despite modifications to object properties, the underlying structure preserves a hidden class:

var x = { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3 }
x.d = 4
x.e = 5
x.f = 6

Based on the insights shared, v8 does not employ a hashtable for value storage; rather, it utilizes a hidden class. The question arises: how does v8 effectively store values as a hidden class struct? What functions does the hidden class fulfill, what is its organization, and how does it function? When you later reference var d = 'd'; x[d] in your code (to make it dynamic), how does it pinpoint the location of the value for d without relying on hashing the property as a string to obtain the index (in theory)? How does it locate the memory address of the struct with respect to the key?

Answer №1

There is no actual hashing involved here - it's essentially just a simple memory access offset, similar to how a struct works in the C programming language.

In C, a struct represents a contiguous block of data where each property is stored at a specific offset from the struct pointer.

For instance, consider the following:

type Foo struct {
  x int32
  y int32
}

If the memory address of foo is m, then the memory addresses of foo.x and foo.y would be m+4 and m+8 respectively. This does not require a hashtable for storage.

V8 compiler assigns fixed offsets for properties like foo.x during compilation.

It's important to note that this method doesn't apply for accessing dynamically added properties.

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