Strange behavior in Vue observed. The v-if directive is not properly monitoring changes

I am facing a perplexing issue. I have a basic service and a Vue component. In the template, there is a v-if directive that monitors a variable in the service (if it is true, a div should be displayed, otherwise not). Everything works fine when I initialize the variable with a boolean value, but it fails when the variable is undefined. My method isOpened() correctly evaluates it to a boolean, so I cannot comprehend why this code is not functioning as expected. Perhaps the code snippet below can shed more light on this problem:

<template>
    <div id="communicate" v-if="service.isOpened()">
        This content should be displayed if the 'f' property in the service is true
    </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
import Vue from 'vue';
import Component from 'vue-class-component';

class OtherService {
    private f:boolean = false; // works fine when uncommented
    //private f:boolean; // does not work when 'f' is left undefined

    public info(foo:string) { this.f = true; }
    public isOpened() { return (this.f === true) } // evaluates 'f' to a boolean

}
export default {
    name: 'component',
    data: function() {
        return {
            service: new OtherService()
        }
    },
    mounted: function() {
        console.log(this.service.isOpened()) // always prints false - which is expected
        setTimeout(() => {
            this.service.info('setting f to true') // setting 'f' to true
            console.log(this.service.isOpened()) // prints true, so the div should display.
        }, 2000)
    }
};

Answer №1

The reason behind this issue lies in the method TypeScript uses to transpile class properties without values.

Let's consider two different classes:

class ClassA {
    private myProperty: boolean;
}

class ClassB {
    private myProperty: boolean = false;
}

In ClassA, we define a property that TypeScript recognizes. In ClassB, we define a property that TypeScript recognizes and also assigns a value to.

When transpiled to ES5, these classes look like this:

var ClassA = (function () {
    function ClassA() {
    }
    return ClassA;
}());

var ClassB = (function () {
    function ClassB() {
        this.myProperty = false;
    }
    return ClassB;
}());

It becomes apparent that the property is only created once a value is assigned to it. Without this assignment, Vue is unable to detect the existence of the property.

If you refer to the reactivity section on vuejs.org, you'll find an explanation:

Due to the constraints of modern JavaScript and the lack of Object.observe, Vue is unable to detect property additions or deletions. Vue converts properties to getters/setters during initialization, so a property must be present in the data object for Vue to convert it and make it reactive.

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