Solving the issue of "_c is not defined" error in Vue functional component

I've been experimenting with creating functional components in Vue using the render method. Here's an example of how I attempted to do this:

import Vue from "vue"

const { render, staticRenderFns } = Vue.compile(`<div>Hello World</div>`)

Vue.component("HelloWorld", {
    functional: true,
    render,
    staticRenderFns
})

After setting up my component, I tried using it in App.vue:

<template>
    <div id="app">
        <HelloWorld />
    </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
    data() {
        return {
            compiled: false
        }
    }
}
</script>

<style>
</style>

However, when testing this setup, I encountered the error message:

_c is not defined.

I'm unsure what might be causing this issue, could there be a mistake in my approach?

Answer №1

To the best of my knowledge, utilizing Vue.compile to create render functions does not support rendering a functional component.

Answer №2

When attempting to transform a template string into a practical component, one potential method is to analyze the string to identify the element type and properties before rendering like so:

Vue.component("hello-world", {
      functional: true,
      render: function(createElement, context) {
        return createElement(
          "div",
         'example text'         
        );
      }
});

Answer №3

Decade Moon pointed out that render functions returned by Vue.compile cannot be utilized as render functions in functional components. The reason for this limitation becomes apparent when examining the signature of the function yielded by Vue.compile:

const render: (createElement: any) => VNode

The absence of a second argument in the function shows why it is unsuitable for render functions of functional components:

render: (createElement: CreateElement, context: RenderContext<Record<never, any>>) => VNode

Functional components lack instances, which means there is no this context - hence the requirement for an additional context parameter to retain props and listeners.

A reference to this Vue forum post also highlights:

The render function generated by compile() relies on private component properties. To access these properties, the function must be assigned to a component property (enabling access through this)

Nonetheless, creating a functional component with a template is still possible. While you can't use Vue.compile for dynamic template text, static templates can be implemented like so:

// component.vue

<template functional>
  <div>Hello World</div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "hello"
};
</script>

...then proceed to utilize the component similar to any other single file component (SFC) in Vue files.

If dynamic template text is required, opting for a non-functional component would be more appropriate...

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