Running Next.js with various environment variables

In my NextJS project, I'm looking to set up three different environments: development, staging, and production. Each environment requires specific variables to run properly. For development, I use a file named .env, for production it's .env.production, and for staging it's .env.staging. Here's a snippet of my scripts:

"scripts": {
  "dev": "next dev -p 3001",
  "build": "next build",
  "start": "next start",
},

To simulate the staging environment, I added this script:

"start:staging": "NODE_ENV=staging next dev -p 3001",

However, when I check

console.log(process.env.NODE_ENV, 'env variable');
, it still shows development. What am I doing wrong and how can I ensure that I get the correct variables for each environment?

Answer №1

When you run next dev, your application operates in development mode, hence the output of development.

For more information, refer to: https://nextjs.org/docs/api-reference/cli#development

To utilize Next.js's built-in environment features, consult their documentation here: https://nextjs.org/docs/basic-features/environment-variables#default-environment-variables.Basically. There are 3 environment files available - local, development, and production - which are utilized when running the application with next dev and next start. The local environment file takes precedence over others, so refrain from committing it to your project to ensure that dev and production files are used properly.

If you wish to configure environments for development, staging, and production, you must manually override next env. This can be accomplished using dotenv.

An example of this configuration can be seen in one of my projects located here: https://github.com/RizziSilva/task-time-web. The key files to review are located in the environment directory, next.config.js, and server/dotenv.js. Keep in mind that this project is personal in nature and may not align precisely with your specific needs.

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