Receiving the error message "Encountered issue reading property of 0" while attempting to retrieve a specific element from an array

Currently, I am facing an issue where I am trying to access a value that is set in one function within another function. When I attempt to return this value at the end, the console.log displays the value correctly. However, when I try to set it, I receive an error message saying:

TypeError: Cannot read property '0' of undefined

It appears that when I try to return the value by setting the function as a variable, a function with no result is displayed. I am unsure how to display the result from my setValue function. Any suggestions? :) Here is my Express code:

function showBalance(cardNumber) {
  connection.query(
    "SELECT Balance from userCards WHERE CardNumber = '" + cardNumber + "'",
    function(err, rows) {
      if (err) {
        throw err;
      } else {
        setValue(rows);
      }
    }
  );
  
  function setValue(value) {
    console.log('Balance object is:', value[0].Balance);
    const ownBalance = value[0].Balance;
    console.log('The user balance is: ', ownBalance);
    return ownBalance;
  }
  
  const returnBalance = setValue();
  return returnBalance;
}

module.exports = showBalance;

Answer №1

When you make the call const returnBalance = setValue(), it is important to note that you are calling setValue without any arguments. This can lead to script failure because trying to access value[0] when value is undefined will result in an error.

In order to work around this issue, you cannot make your outer function return a value based on the anonymous inner callback. The reason for this is that the outer function returns before the callback is actually executed. To resolve this, consider one of the following solutions:

  • Pass a function as an argument to your outer function that outlines what should occur after the callback is triggered. Within the callback, invoke this function and pass the value to it. This approach is known as continuation passing style.

  • Utilize an API that supports Promises and adjust your outer function to return a Promise containing the value rather than the value itself. One way to transition from a callback-based API to promises is by using promisify: https://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v8.x/docs/api/util.html#util_util_promisify_original

  • Implement async/await to structure your asynchronous code in a manner akin to synchronous code. This method also relies on Promises internally, so it necessitates a compatible API or use of promisify as mentioned earlier.

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