Overcoming Time Limits: What are the best strategies for maximizing performance in my JavaScript code?

I am currently tackling the challenge of solving the Sum of Subarray Ranges problem on LeetCode. Unfortunately, I am encountering a Time Limit Exceeded error which suggests that my code might not be optimized efficiently enough. As I am still learning, I would appreciate some guidance on how to eliminate two nested for-loops and replace them with just one in my implementation.

Question: Sum of Subarray Ranges

You have been given an integer array called nums. The range of a subarray within nums is defined as the difference between the largest and smallest elements present in that particular subarray. Your task is to calculate and return the sum of all subarray ranges within the given nums array. A subarray is essentially a contiguous non-empty sequence of elements from within an array.

Example:

Input: nums = [1,2,3]
Output: 4
Explanation: There are 6 subarrays for the given nums:
[1], range = largest - smallest = 1 - 1 = 0 
[2], range = 2 - 2 = 0
[3], range = 3 - 3 = 0
[1,2], range = 2 - 1 = 1
[2,3], range = 3 - 2 = 1
[1,2,3], range = 3 - 1 = 2
Therefore, the sum of all ranges is 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 4.

Question link

My current code progress: Test cases passed so far: 52 out of 71

var subArrayRanges = function(nums) {
    let maxSub=0;
    for(let i=0; i<nums.length; i++){
        let arr=[];
        arr.push(nums[i])
        for(let j=i+1; j<nums.length; j++){
            arr.push(nums[j]);
            maxSub=maxSub+(Math.max(...arr)) - (Math.min(...arr));
        }
    }
    return maxSub
};

I am seeking advice on optimizing my code in order to ensure it passes all test cases successfully.

Answer №1

Here's a useful tip for optimizing your code: when the loop encounters a new element in the array, only that specific element can impact the minimum or maximum value of the subarray being considered. This means you don't necessarily have to construct the entire subarray and perform actual 'min()'/'max()' function calls on it. Instead, simply keep track of the current min and max values (initially set as the same [i] element at the start of the inner loop), then compare and update them using the newly incoming element (the [j] one):

var calculateSubArrayRanges = function(numbers) {
    let maxSubArray=0;
    for(let i=0; i<numbers.length; i++){
        let min=numbers[i], max=numbers[i];
        for(let j=i+1; j<numbers.length; j++){
            if(numbers[j]<min) min=numbers[j];
            if(numbers[j]>max) max=numbers[j];
            maxSubArray=maxSubArray+max-min;
        }
    }
    return maxSubArray;
};

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