One benefit of using a self-invoking function within a function declaration

What are the benefits of defining a function like this:

obj = { func: function(){return function func(){return this.something;};}() }

Anecdote: I was searching for a solution on how to rotate a Three.js Vector3 by a specific angle around an axis and stumbled upon this interesting discussion: How to rotate a Three.js Vector3 around an axis? Curiosity led me to investigate further into how the function operates, so I decided to check out the source code here: https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/blob/master/src/math/Vector3.js. The function signature looked something like this:

applyAxisAngle: function () {

    var quaternion;

    return function applyAxisAngle( axis, angle ) {

        if ( quaternion === undefined ) quaternion = new Quaternion();

        return this.applyQuaternion( quaternion.setFromAxisAngle( axis, angle ) );

    };

}(),

So, what's the rationale behind this unique method of function definition?

Answer №1

The concept of an immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE) allows the developer to create a private variable, such as quaternion, within the scope of a specific function like applyAxisAngle. This ensures that the variable is not accessible by any other part of the code.

In essence, the following code snippet demonstrates this idea:

var quaternion;

// ...

applyAxisAngle: function applyAxisAngle( axis, angle ) {

    if ( quaternion === undefined ) quaternion = new Quaternion();

    return this.applyQuaternion( quaternion.setFromAxisAngle( axis, angle ) );
},

Essentially, this approach maintains the privacy of the quaternion variable by containing it within the function's scope rather than exposing it to external code. By only creating the Quaternion object when needed and reusing it thereafter, the code operates efficiently and securely.

Answer №2

One reason behind the design of applyAxisAngle() was to optimize performance by minimizing the need to create a new instance of Quaternion every time the method is invoked. This approach not only prevents excessive memory allocation but also reduces the likelihood of triggering garbage collection.

Due to frequent calls to applyAxisAngle() in fast-paced loops, the decision to implement it as a "closure" ensures that the Quaternion object is only created once and reused efficiently.

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