Is memory space consumed by the reduce accumulator?

I'm considering two different approaches and I'm unsure which one is recommended in terms of readability and memory allocation. From my understanding, both have the same space complexity as they both use some form of storage (two variables in the first approach and an accumulator in the reduce method). Can you advise on which approach is preferable?

Approach 1:

const getFilters = () => {
  const filters1 = [];
  const filters2 = [];
  // assuming 'filters' is an array of numbers
  filters.forEach(filter => {
    if(filter === 1) {
      filters1.push(filter);
    } else {
      filters2.push(filter);
    }
  })
  return {
    filter1: filters1,
    filter2: filters2,
  }
}

Approach 2:

const getFilters = () => {
  // assuming 'filters' is an array of numbers
  return filters.reduce(
    (accumulator, filter) => {
      if (filter === 1) {
        accumulator.filters1.push(filter);
      } else {
        accumulator.filters2.push(filter);
      }
      return accumulator;
    },
    {
      filters1: [],
      filters2: [],
    },
  );
}

Answer №1

Although both methods have the same space and time complexity, it's important to note that in your reduce example, an error would occur if you do not return the accumulator after each iteration.

In functional programming, the concept of reduce() is key. It emphasizes that values cannot be mutated, so when accumulating all values in an array, a new accumulator value must be returned at each iteration. This principle extends to JavaScript's reduce() method as well; it's recommended to use spreading or other copying techniques to create new arrays and objects as the accumulator instead of mutating the existing one. If you choose to mutate the accumulator without copying it, make sure to still return the modified object in the callback function, otherwise the next iteration will receive undefined.

MSDN Article

Regarding your title question, yes, the accumulator does take up memory space. The accumulator essentially acts as a variable (in this case, an array) that is passed as an argument.

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