Is it possible to update parent data using a child component?

What is the correct way to update parent data using a child component?

In the child component, I am directly modifying parent data through props. I'm unsure if this is the right approach.

According to the Vue documentation:

When the parent property updates, it will flow down to the child component, but not vice versa.

Here is an example of a child component:

<script>
    export default {

        props: ['user'],

        data: function () {
            return {
                linkName: '',
                linkValue: '',
            }
        },

        methods: {
            addLink: function (event) {
                event.preventDefault();
                this.$http.post('/user/link', {name: this.linkName, key: this.linkValue}).then(response => {
                    this.user.links.push(response.data);
                }, response => {
                      // Handle error
                    }
                });
            },
        }
    }
</script>

I have used

this.user.links.push(response.data);
to directly modify the data in the parent component via props: ['user'].

Answer №1

As you correctly pointed out, the props are not intended to transmit data from child to parent components. The data flow is unidirectional.

The proper approach is for the child component to emit an event using $emit to communicate with the parent component, optionally sending some value along with it.

In your scenario, you can implement the following in the addLink method of the child component:

this.$http.post('/user/link', {name: this.linkName, key: this.linkValue}).then(response => {
    this.$emit("update-user-links", response.data);  // Emitting an event to the parent component
}, response => {
    // Error handling
});

And the parent component can listen for this event like so:

<my-user-link-component :user="userData" v-on:update-user-links="addUserLink"></my-user-link-component>

or using the shorthand syntax:

<my-user-link-component :user="userData" @update-user-links="addUserLink"></my-user-link-component>

In the above code snippet, you are assigning a method addUserLink to handle the event emitted by the child component. In the parent component, you need to define this method as follows:

methods: {
    // ... other methods,
    addUserLink: function(linkData) {
        this.userData.links.push(linkData);
    }
}

Advantages of this one-way binding approach and event mechanism include:

  • The parent component has the flexibility to choose whether or not to respond to events, allowing child components to be easily reused in different contexts.
  • Child components are restricted to emitting events only upwards, simplifying debugging compared to direct mutations of parent state by individual child components.

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