Is it better to include JavaScript functions in a separate file or within the HTML when loading via AJAX?

Our approach to dynamic content loading using AJAX has recently involved including functions within the HTML that we load and insert into div elements. For example, if our main HTML page contains a div like this:

<div id="a"></div>

We would load content like this into that div:

<div id="b" onchange="dostuff();">...</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function dostuff() {
        // ...
    }
</script>

The dostuff method typically does not contain any server-generated content (such as PHP or JSP). This setup is more of a convenience factor - having JavaScript code alongside the HTML it interacts with makes it easier to locate functions and review related code all in one file.

In a previous project, we often stored functions like dostuff() in a separate .js file (usually containing multiple functions used across various dynamically loaded HTML components), which was loaded once when the main page was loaded. While I personally feel this is a better solution, articulating the pros and cons to my team can be challenging. Perhaps I am mistaken?

One drawback I've observed is that debugging in Firebug becomes more difficult, as breakpoints placed within reloaded functions confuse the debugger. Additionally, there may be a performance degradation as the browser recompiles functions multiple times.

Answer №1

It is advisable to keep markup and logic separate. By storing all JavaScript in a standalone file and assigning events there, you can maintain clarity and enhance portability.

html:

<div id="b">...</div>

js:

var b = document.querySelector('#b');
b.addEventListener('change', function() {
  // execute specific action
});

This method will be effective if b remains static, otherwise consider implementing "event delegation".

Is it possible for browser performance to decrease due to constant recompilation of functions?

To optimize performance, it is recommended to store your JavaScript in separate files. This allows for easy concatenation and minification of code, leading to the loading of only one consolidated file in the browser.

Answer №2

If you integrate code into your HTML, it's important to be mindful of how you structure it. Using global functions like "dostuff" can lead to potential issues down the line. It's recommended to create a single global namespace variable using an object literal and then append all relevant functions to that variable:

var YOURNAMESPACE = {};

When including your script, consider the following approach:

<div id="b">...</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
  YOURNAMESPACE.dostuff = function () {
    // ...
  };

  document.getElementById('b').onchange = function () {
    YOURNAMESPACE.dostuff();
  }
</script>

Avoid using JavaScript attributes in your code as it is considered bad practice.

Whether you choose to load the script with your AJAX request or within one file depends on various factors. Loading it with the AJAX request may improve initial page load time, while integrating it into one file allows for better organization and easier minification/uglification of code.

Consider your AJAX pattern and whether you can utilize JSON for faster requests. If you use JSON, sending JavaScript code via JSON becomes irrelevant since it isn't possible.

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