In Vue.js, it is not possible to modify a component variable within a callback function

I have implemented a custom Login.vue component using vue.js to allow users to log in to my application through AWS Cognito. The authentication process is handled by the ___.authenticateUser() method, which initiates a session with Cognito. Below is the code snippet that performs this functionality:

export default {
  name : 'Login',
  data: function() {
    return {
      errorMessageHidden: true,
      formHidden: false,
      errorMessage: '',
      email: '',
      password: ''
    }
  },
  methods: {
    showValuesToMe: function() {
      console.log(this.errorMessageHidden)
    },
    handleLogin: function() {
      const data = {
        Username: this.email,
        Pool: userPool
      }

      const cognitoUser =  new CognitoUser(data);

      const authenticationData = {
        Username : this.email,
        Password : this.password,
      };

      function showErrorMessage(err) {
        this.errorMessageHidden = false;
        this.errorMessage = err.message;
        console.log("The method got called... errorMessageHidden = " + this.errorMessageHidden);
      }

      const authenticationDetails = new AuthenticationDetails(authenticationData)

      cognitoUser.authenticateUser(authenticationDetails, {
        callback: showErrorMessage,
        onSuccess: function(result) {
          console.log('access token ' + result.getAccessToken().getJwtToken());
        },
        onFailure: function(err) {
          this.callback(err);
        }
      });
    },

    hideErorrMessage: function() {
      this.errorMessageHidden = true;
    }
  }
}

The problem arises within the handleLogin() function of the component when the ___.authenticateUser() method triggers either onSuccess() or onFailure() callbacks based on the authentication outcome from AWS.

When attempting to modify the errorMessageHidden and errorMessage values inside the onFailure() callback, they remain unchanged. This behavior occurs because the onFailure() method is a closure-based callback method.

In order to access and update these values, I introduced the

function showErrorMessage(err) {...}
within the scope of the parent closure. While this setup allows me to access the values defined in data, modification remains ineffective.

If anyone can offer insight into how I can successfully alter these values to display error messages in the browser, it would be greatly appreciated.

Answer №1

The root of your issue lies in the use of regular functions instead of arrow functions for callback functions. When you define a function with the function keyword, it creates a new scope where this no longer refers to your Vue Component.

The correct approach is as follows:

handleLogin: function() {
      const data = {
        Username: this.email,
        Pool: userPool
      }

      const cognitoUser =  new CognitoUser(data);

      const authenticationData = {
        Username : this.email,
        Password : this.password,
      };

      const showErrorMessage = err => {
        this.errorMessageHidden = false;
        this.errorMessage = err.message;
        console.log("The method got called... errorMessageHidden = " + this.errorMessageHidden);
      }

      const authenticationDetails = new AuthenticationDetails(authenticationData)

      cognitoUser.authenticateUser(authenticationDetails, {
        callback: showErrorMessage,
        onSuccess: result => {
          console.log('access token ' + result.getAccessToken().getJwtToken());
        },
        onFailure: err => {
          this.callback(err);
        }
      });
    }

Arrow functions preserve the scope of the outer function, so when used inside a Vue method, this will still refer to the Vue Component within the arrow function.

Keep in mind that arrow functions cannot be directly assigned as properties of the methods object in Vue, as Vue needs to bind the Vue Component to this when invoking the function. Still, consider using arrow functions whenever possible, as they are a highly useful feature in ES5.

Answer №2

Below is the solution that worked well for me:

In this component, the following function was added:

BusEvent.$emit("CloseAllTab",check => {
  if(check == true){
    this.isShowSelectYearActive = true;
  }
});

In the other components, the functions were defined as follows:

methods: {
  CloseAllTab(check) {
    check(true);
  }
},
created() {
  BusEvent.$on("CloseAllTab",this.CloseAllTab);
},
beforeDestroy() {
  BusEvent.$on("CloseAllTab",this.CloseAllTab);
}

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