In MVC 4, there is an issue with JSON not properly posting arrays that contain only one item

My MVC 4 project includes 2 select elements with multiple options.

<select id="ReportDetailsSelectList" class="form-control ListBox valid" size="10" multiple="">
    <option value="ADMN">Administration</option>
    <option value="ARC">Adminstrative Resource Center</option>
    <option value="BALS">Balance Sheet</option>
</select>

<select id="ReportDetailsSelectList2" class="form-control ListBox valid" size="10" multiple="">
    <option value="ATL">Atlanta</option>
    <option value="BALT">Baltimore</option>
    <option value="BETH">Betheseda</option>
    <option value="CAMD">Camden</option>
</select>

<button id="btnSubmit" name="btnSubmit" type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>

The goal is to extract all selected values from the two select lists and post them using my Action.

Shown below is the JavaScript code:

$('#btnSubmit').click(function () {
    var result = [];
    
    $('select#ReportDetailsSelectList option:selected').each(function () {
        
        var item = {};
        item.Key = $(this).val();
        item.Value = $(this).text();
        result.push(item);
    });

    var result2 = [];
    
    $('select#ReportDetailsSelectList2 option:selected').each(function () {
        
        var item = {};
        item.Key = $(this).val();
        item.Value = $(this).text();
        result2.push(item);
    });

    CollectPostData(result, result2);
});

function CollectPostData(result, result2) {

    $.ajax({
        url: "/Home/GenerateReport",
        type: "POST",
        data: JSON.stringify({ 'detailList': result, 'detailList2': result2 }),
        dataType: "json",
        traditional: true,
        contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
        success: function (data) {
            if (data.status == "Success") {
                alert(data.message);
            } else {
                alert("Error occurs on the Database level!");
            }
        },
        error: function () {
            alert("An error has occurred!!!");
        }
    });
}

A simple class structure for storing objects is as follows:

public class DetailList
{
    public string Key { get; set; }
    public string Value { get; set; }
}

This is followed by the Controller ActionResult:

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult GenerateReport(DetailList[] detailList, DetailList[] detailList2)
{
    return Json(new { status = "Success", message = "Success" }, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}

However, I encountered a problem in certain scenarios:

1) When multiple options are selected in both lists - data is posted correctly:

2) If there are multiple options in the first list and only one option in the second list - data is posted correctly

3) With one option selected in each list - the first array is null, but the second array is posted correctly:

I'm puzzled as to why this inconsistency exists. Both arrays are collected and posted in the same manner, yet the results vary. When checking with Firefox debugger, I can see that the data is gathered properly. Any assistance on what could be wrong here would be greatly appreciated.

Answer №1

Successfully resolved the issue!

The challenge arises from MVC's handling of multiple parameters for a POST request, particularly in MVC 4. It prefers to receive all POST data as a single object.

To address this, I implemented the following changes to your code:

Introduced a new class:

public class GenerateReportViewModel
{
    public DetailList[] ListA { get; set; }
    public DetailList[] ListB { get; set; }
}

Updated your action method signature:

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult GenerateReport(GenerateReportViewModel viewModel)
{
    return Json(new { status = "Success", message = "Success" }, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}

Modified your CollectPostData JavaScript function accordingly:

function CollectPostData(result, result2) {
    // Send collected data to the action
    $.ajax({
        url: "/Home/GenerateReport",
        type: "POST",
        data: JSON.stringify({
            ListA: result,
            ListB: result2
        }),
        dataType: "json",
        contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
        success: function (data) {
            if (data.status == "Success") {
                alert(data.message);
            } else {
                alert("Error occurred at the Database level!");
            }
        },
        error: function () {
            alert("An error has occurred!!!");
        }
    });
}

MVC 5 has introduced some enhancements that provide greater flexibility in choosing patterns, making it easier to manage POST data within a single object. This also simplifies the action method with fewer parameters to handle.

For further insights, you can refer to a similar Stack Overflow question:

Post multiple parameters to MVC Controller using C#

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