Exploring the World of AngularJS Modules

I'm a beginner in AngularJS and currently learning the ropes. I came across this syntax:

var app = angular.module('myApp', ['ngRoute']);

My question is, what does it mean when square brackets are used [ ]?

What roles or functions do myApp and ngRoute have? What is their purpose in this code?

Are there other options similar to ngRoute that can be used?

I've searched extensively on Google and found several sample codes, but none provided a clear explanation for these elements.

Thank you.

Answer №1

According to the Angular module developer guide available at this link

<div ng-app="myApp">
    <div>
        {{ 'World' | greet }}
    </div>
</div>


var myAppModule = angular.module('myApp', []);
  • The mention of myApp module in <div ng-app="myApp">. This is what initializes the app using your module.
  • The inclusion of an empty array in angular.module('myApp', []). This array signifies the modules on which myApp relies.

I recommend referring to the official documentation too: Official Documentation Link

Answer №2

In simple terms, the term [ ] refers to the list of modules that your module relies on.

For instance, if you create an angular module called myApp that has a dependency on another angular module called ngRoute.

The advantage of this is that you can easily incorporate various third-party angular modules that specialize in different areas without having to start from scratch. By including the ngRoute module, you gain access to routing functionality for your application.

I hope my explanation has shed light on this topic for you!

Answer №3

Creating an array in javascript can be done like this:

var arr = [];

The [] symbol used here is similar to the [] surrounding 'ngRoute' in AngularJS, indicating that the second parameter of the angular.module() method should be an array.

You can also define a module in a similar way:

var app = angular.module('awesomeApp', ['ngRoute', 'ngAnimate', 'ngXXX']);

In this case, the first parameter 'awesomeApp' represents the name of your module, while the second parameter [ngRoute', 'ngAnimate', 'ngXXX'] lists the dependencies of your module.

These dependencies provide various interfaces, features, functions, or other components that will help your module operate as intended.

Answer №4

When creating an Angular module, the second argument you pass should be a list of your dependencies.

In a simple application, this list would typically just be an empty array.

var app = angular.module('myApp', []);

Your dependencies can range from third-party plugins to custom plugins that you have created for your own use. You can explore a variety of plugins at .

For more information, I recommend referring to the official Angular documentation.

Answer №5

This snippet illustrates the creation of a module in AngularJS.

var app = angular.module('myApp', ['ngRoute']);

The name myApp represents the application and is essentially a string.

Within the square brackets, like [ngRoute], are the modules to be injected, following the concept of dependency injection. Common modules include ui.bootstrap, restangular, ui.select, among others.

A couple of points worth noting:

  1. Make sure not to confuse this syntax with the module referencing syntax (minus the square brackets):

Definition of Module

angular.module('myApp', []);

Referencing a Module

angular.module('myApp');
  1. It is generally recommended to directly define the module instead of assigning it to a variable, as demonstrated by:

Definition of Module

angular.module('myApp', []);

rather than

var app = angular.module('myApp', ['ngRoute']);

To delve deeper into best practices, you can refer to Papa John's style guide.

https://github.com/johnpapa/angular-styleguide

I trust this information proves helpful. :)

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