One major distinction is found in programming languages like Java, C++, Python, and PHP that incorporate Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts. In these languages, there are typically two key language elements - the Class, which serves as a blueprint or template for defining properties and behaviors, and the object, which is an instance created based on the class.
JavaScript, on the other hand, does not have a distinct Class element; it solely relies on objects. One can create an object and utilize it as a prototype to generate additional objects, such as:
var animal = {
"name": "Bim",
"age": 5
};
// We can use the animal object directly, e.g., passing it to a function
// that displays its name
function showName(obj) {
alert(obj.name);
}
showName(animal);
// Alternatively, it can serve as a prototype to form new objects
var dog = Object.create(animal);
dog.bark = function() {
alert(this.name + ": bark! bark!");
}
dog.name = 'Pluto';
dog.bark();
Despite the absence of traditional classes in JavaScript, techniques exist to mimic OOP principles seen in other languages through creative syntax. It's feasible to operate without classes, depending on personal preferences and application requirements, especially if one favors composition over inheritance.