Exploring the power of Vuejs3 with Internationalization and the Composition API

Question

Exploring the power of Vuejs3 with Internationalization and the Composition API

Currently, I am working on a frontend interface in VueJS and integrating i18n with Vuejs 3. While the normal implementation of i18n works fine, I encountered issues when trying to use it with the composition API.

In my main.js file, I have set up i18n as follows:

const i18n = createI18n({
    messages: {
        en: en,
        fr: fr
    },
    fallbackLocale: 'en',
    locale: localStorage.Language || navigator.language.split('-')[0] || 'en',
})
const app = createApp(App)


app.use(router)
app.use(i18n)

app.mount('#app')

I referred to the documentation which mentioned adding legacy:false for using the composition API. However, after making this change, my $t function stopped working. Further exploration led me to this solution:

const app = Vue.createApp({
  setup() {
    const { t } = VueI18n.useI18n() // call `useI18n`, and spread `t` from  `useI18n` returning
    return { t } // return render context that includes `t`
  }
})

The issue arises because my createApp is already initialized as:

const app = createApp(App)

This is the default implementation by VueJS. I attempted various modifications such as inserting setup before or after App, but nothing seemed to work. It appears I may be complicating things further.

Do you have any ideas on how to effectively integrate i18n with the composition API? My ultimate goal is to utilize $i18n within a component switchLanguage created using the composition API for language management and access to information.

I appreciate any assistance you can offer. Thank you.

javascript vue.js internationalization vuejs3 i18next

Answer 1

Answer №1

You have already set up i18n in your application, specifically in the main.js file. This step is crucial.

The example provided in the documentation does not necessarily have to be implemented on the instance created within createApp. It can work in any component as long as you have initialized i18n in the main.(js|ts)

This method will function in any component where you require t:

import { useI18n } from "vue-i18n";

export default defineComponent({
  setup() {
    const { t } = useI18n();
    // you can now utilize t('some.text.to.be.translated')
    // t('some.text.to.be.pluralized', { n: 1 }, 1);

    return {
      // make `t` accessible in the <template>:
      t, 
    }
  },
  // if you need it within any method, computed property, or hook
  // especially if you are still using Options API
  computed() {
    someTranslatedText() {
      return useI18n().t('translate.me');
    }
  },
  methods: {
    methodNeedingTranslation() {
      const { t } = useI18n();
      // perform actions with `t`
    }
  }
})

On a side note: All $tc (pluralization) features have been integrated into t.

If you are upgrading an existing application and prefer not to replace all instances of $t and $tc with t throughout templates:

setup: () => ({ 
  $t: useI18n().t
  $tc: useI18n().t 
})

To have $t and $tc accessible in any component's <template>, without needing to import + expose them in <script> (or <script setup>):

import App from './App.vue'
import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'

const app = createApp(App);
app.config.globalProperties.$t = useI18n().t

If you still require them in <script>, import from 'vue-i18n', as demonstrated above.
$tc no longer serves a purpose in Vue3. If your templates are transitioning from Vue2, it would be advisable to replace all occurrences of $tc with $t. Alternatively, you could assign useI18n().t to both if you wish to avoid modifying the templates:

Object.assign(app.config.globalProperties, {
  $t: useI18n().t,
  $tc: useI18n().t
})

Answer 2

You have already set up i18n in your application, specifically in the main.js file. This step is crucial.

The example provided in the documentation does not necessarily have to be implemented on the instance created within createApp. It can work in any component as long as you have initialized i18n in the main.(js|ts)

This method will function in any component where you require t:

import { useI18n } from "vue-i18n";

export default defineComponent({
  setup() {
    const { t } = useI18n();
    // you can now utilize t('some.text.to.be.translated')
    // t('some.text.to.be.pluralized', { n: 1 }, 1);

    return {
      // make `t` accessible in the <template>:
      t, 
    }
  },
  // if you need it within any method, computed property, or hook
  // especially if you are still using Options API
  computed() {
    someTranslatedText() {
      return useI18n().t('translate.me');
    }
  },
  methods: {
    methodNeedingTranslation() {
      const { t } = useI18n();
      // perform actions with `t`
    }
  }
})

On a side note: All $tc (pluralization) features have been integrated into t.

If you are upgrading an existing application and prefer not to replace all instances of $t and $tc with t throughout templates:

setup: () => ({ 
  $t: useI18n().t
  $tc: useI18n().t 
})

To have $t and $tc accessible in any component's <template>, without needing to import + expose them in <script> (or <script setup>):

import App from './App.vue'
import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'

const app = createApp(App);
app.config.globalProperties.$t = useI18n().t

If you still require them in <script>, import from 'vue-i18n', as demonstrated above.
$tc no longer serves a purpose in Vue3. If your templates are transitioning from Vue2, it would be advisable to replace all occurrences of $tc with $t. Alternatively, you could assign useI18n().t to both if you wish to avoid modifying the templates:

Object.assign(app.config.globalProperties, {
  $t: useI18n().t,
  $tc: useI18n().t
})

Exploring the power of Vuejs3 with Internationalization and the Composition API

Answer №1

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