Exploring the meaning behind RxJS debounce principles

Referencing information found in this source:

 const debouncedInput = example.debounceTime(5);

 const subscribe = debouncedInput.subscribe(val => {
   console.log(`Debounced Input: ${val}`);
 });

When the first keyup event occurs, will the debouncedInput be delayed for 5 milliseconds before notifying the observer?

If the user continues typing before the 5 millisecond duration is up, does the debouncedInput Observable require a full uninterrupted 5 millisecond interval to pass before emitting the event/source value?

Illustrated by an example (as seen in the helpful marble diagram in @OJKwon's response), let's say each dash (-) represents a millisecond. In the scenario below:

 -a--b--c-------d

The timer monitoring the time intervals would reset at the following points:

  • 2 ms after 'a' is typed
  • 5 ms after 'b' is typed
  • 8 ms after 'c' is typed
  • 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 ms elapse
  • 'abc' is emitted at 13 ms as no other events occur during that period
  • The timer resets at 14 ms when 'd' is typed
  • 'abcd' is emitted at 19 ms with no additional values inputted

Answer №1

One of the main functions of the debounceTime operator is to delay the emission of source observable values by a specified timeframe. If a new value is emitted during this delay, it:

  • Drops the previous value
  • Resets the interval timer
  • Waits to see if the interval passes without any more source values being emitted
  • Finally, if no values are emitted during the interval, it emits the last value.

The marble test diagram for RxJSs can be seen here. Let's take a look at some scenarios.

If we use source.debountTime(20),

  1. All source values are emitted after 20ms

const source =   '-a--------b------'; 
 const expected = '---a--------b----';

In this case, all source values are simply delayed.

  1. If some source values are emitted within 20ms intervals

const source =   '-a--bc--d---|';
const expected =  '---a---c--d-|';

In this scenario, value a is delayed by 20ms, value b is dropped as value c is emitted before the next 20ms timespan, and then value d is delayed by 20ms after value c.

To sum up, the debounceTime operator acts as a rate limiter, only allowing one value to be emitted within a given timeframe.

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