Exploring the inheritance of directives and controllers within AngularJS

I'm struggling to grasp the concept of inheriting a parent controller from a directive. In my setup, I have a simple example with a controller named MainCrtl. This controller is responsible for creating and removing an array of directives called inner. However, I am encountering an issue when trying to access the methods of MainCtrl from my directives, resulting in an error in the browser console. Below is the code snippet:

app.js

angular
  .module('myApp', ['ngRoute'])
  .config(function($routeProvider){
    $routeProvider
      .when('/', {
        templateUrl: 'main.html',
        controller: 'MainCtrl',
        controllerAs: 'main'
      });
  });

scripts/controllers/main.js

angular.module('myApp')
  .controller('MainCtrl', function () {
    var self = this;
    var index = 1;
    this.inners = [];
    this.init = function() {
      self.addInner();
    };
    this.addInner = function(){
      self.inners.push({
        name: 'Inner ' + index
      });
      index++;
    };
    this.init();
  });

views/main.html

<p>main</p>
<button type="button" ng-click="main.addInner()">Add Inner</button>
<inner ng-repeat="inner in main.inners" data="inner"></inner>

scripts/directives/inner.js

angular.module('myApp')
  .directive('inner', function(){
    return {
      restrict: 'E',
      templateUrl: 'inner.html',
      require: ['^MainCtrl', 'inner'],
      controllerAs: 'inner',
      bindToController: true,
      scope: {
        data: '='
      },
      controller: function(){ ... },
      link: function(scope, element, attrs, ctrls){ ... }
    }
  });

Here's the error message displayed in the browser console:

[$compile:ctreq] Controller 'MainCtrl', required by directive 'inner', can't be found!

A Plunker demo showcasing the issue can be found here. Your assistance would be greatly appreciated.

Answer №1

When it comes to directives, they actually have parent directives rather than parent controllers as you might expect. Each directive can also have a controller if specified.

A directive becomes a parent of another based on hierarchy in the HTML structure, like this:

<div parent-directive>
    <div child-directive></div>
</div>

All the specific data that you want to access should be defined within the parent directive's controller using this.

Then use require: 'parent-directive' And

link: function (scope, element, attrs, parent)

If you set require as an array, then an array will be passed into the linking function, with optional controllers possibly being null.

Keep in mind that you can reference sibling directives, but you cannot reference yourself (as in the same instance).

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