Exploring the concept of upserting records using the MongoDB $

I am working with two collections in my database: Regions and Registrations.

var RegionSchema = new Mongoose.Schema({
  name: {type: String},
  registrations: [{type: Mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'registrations'}],
  ...
});

The Registration collection is defined as follows:

var RegistrationSchema = Mongoose.Schema({
  firstName: {type: String},
  ...
});

Within my controller, I am creating a new registration and adding it to a region using the upsert option set to true:

var registration = new Registration(req.body.registration);
...
Region
  .update(
    { _id: user.region},
    { $push: {registrations: registration},
    { upsert: true }
  )
  .exec();

After executing the code, I noticed that an ObjectId("...") was added to the registrations property of the region:

{
  name: "Northwest",
  registrations: [ObjectId("57d038a1466345d52920b194")]
}

However, there was no corresponding document with that _id in the registrations collection. This led me to question my understanding of the upsert flag and whether calling save on the registration object is necessary.

Answer №1

When dealing with the upsert flag, it is important to note that it only impacts the specific collection being manipulated, in this scenario, the Region collection. Therefore, using Region.update will generate an object with an _id of user.region if such an object does not already exist.

It is worth mentioning that MongoDB does not strictly validate ID references, allowing you to append an ID to registrations as long as the ID remains valid.

Before executing the code snippet below, it is necessary to save the Registration object:

var registration = new Registration(req.body.registration);

registration.save(function() {
  Region.update(
    { _id: user.region },
    { $push: { registrations: registration } },
    { upsert: true }
  ).exec();
});

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