Exploring how the | operator functions in javaScript can be found in the detailed specification. Essentially, the | operator implicitly coerces its operands to 32-bit integers before performing bitwise OR operations (resulting in a no-op if the second argument is 0). This illustrates the outcome of the ToInt32 operation:
- Begin by converting the argument with
ToNumber(argument). (This part can be largely disregarded.)
- If the number is
NaN, +0, -0, +∞, or -∞, return +0.
- Determine an integer (int) that aligns in sign with the number and possesses a magnitude of
floor(abs(number)).
- Calculate the modulo of int by 2^32 to yield int32bit.
- If int32bit is greater than or equal to 2^31, subtract 2^32 from int32bit; otherwise, return int32bit.
In C#, a similar process may look like this:
double value = 3144134277.5187168;
bool negative = value < 0;
long n = Convert.ToInt64(Math.Floor(Math.Abs(value)));
n = n % 4294967296;
n = n > 2147483648 ? n - 4294967296 : n;
int i = (int)n;
i = negative ? -i : i;
Console.WriteLine(i); // -1150833019
This explanation emphasizes clarity. It's worth noting that adjusting the sign back onto the result at the appropriate point in line with the specification proved problematic when attempted, likely due to differing interpretations between the spec's "modulo" definition and C#'s use of the % operator.
Upon further examination using -3144134277.5187168, the expected result of 1150833019 was confirmed.