Ensuring Security: Incorporating Authentication Tokens in $resource Requests with AngularJS

I am looking to include an authentication token when making requests to my API for resources.

I have set up a service using $resource:

factory('Todo', ['$resource', function($resource) {
 return $resource('http://localhost:port/todos.json', {port:":3001"} , {
   query: {method: 'GET', isArray: true}
 });
}])

In addition, I have created a service to manage the authentication token:

factory('TokenHandler', function() {
  var tokenHandler = {};
  var token = "none";

  tokenHandler.set = function( newToken ) {
    token = newToken;
  };
  tokenHandler.get = function() {
    return token;
  };

  return tokenHandler;
});

I want to send the token retrieved from tokenHandler.get with every request made through the Todo service. While I was able to achieve this by manually adding it to specific actions, such as:

Todo.query( {access_token : tokenHandler.get()} );

However, I would prefer to define the access_token as a default parameter in the Todo service, ensuring that it is included in all calls and adhering to the DRY principle. Since everything in the factory is executed only once, the access_token needs to be accessible before defining the factory and cannot change afterwards.

Is there a way to dynamically update a request parameter within the service?

Answer №1

Shoutout to Andy Joslin for the brilliant idea of wrapping resource actions. The service for the resource now appears as follows:

.factory('Todo', ['$resource', 'TokenHandler', function($resource, tokenHandler) {
  var resource = $resource('http://localhost:port/todos/:id', {
    port:":3001",
    id:'@id'
    }, {
      update: {method: 'PUT'}
    });

  resource = tokenHandler.wrapActions( resource, ["query", "update"] );

  return resource;
}])

The initial definition of the resource remains conventional. In this instance, a custom action named update is included. Subsequently, the resource is replaced by the result of the tokenHandler.wrapAction() method, which accepts the resource and an array of actions as arguments.

Essentially, the latter method modifies the actions to incorporate the authentication token in each request before returning an altered resource. Let's delve into the code for that:

.factory('TokenHandler', function() {
  var tokenHandler = {};
  var token = "none";

  tokenHandler.set = function( newToken ) {
    token = newToken;
  };

  tokenHandler.get = function() {
    return token;
  };

  // wrap given actions of a resource to send auth token with every
  // request
  tokenHandler.wrapActions = function( resource, actions ) {
    // duplicate original resource
    var wrappedResource = resource;
    for (var i=0; i < actions.length; i++) {
      tokenWrapper( wrappedResource, actions[i] );
    };
    // return modified copy of resource
    return wrappedResource;
  };

  // wraps resource action to send request with auth token
  var tokenWrapper = function( resource, action ) {
    // duplicate original action
    resource['_' + action]  = resource[action];
    // create new action wrapping the original and sending token
    resource[action] = function( data, success, error){
      return resource['_' + action](
        angular.extend({}, data || {}, {access_token: tokenHandler.get()}),
        success,
        error
      );
    };
  };

  return tokenHandler;
});

In the wrapActions() method, a duplicate of the resource is generated from its parameters, and the actions array is iterated over to invoke another function called tokenWrapper() for each action. Finally, the modified copy of the resource is returned.

The tokenWrapper() function initially duplicates the existing resource action with an appended underscore. Hence, query() becomes _query(). Subsequently, a new method supersedes the original query() action, effectively wrapping it as suggested by Andy Joslin to include the authorization token with every request made through that action.

This approach allows us to leverage the predefined actions that accompany every AngularJS resource (such as get, query, save, etc.) without the need for redefining them. Additionally, in other parts of the code (like controllers), we can utilize the default action names seamlessly.

Answer №2

To enhance security, you can implement an HTTP interceptor that automatically updates the Authorization header with the current OAuth token. While the following code snippet is tailored for OAuth, adapting it for other authentication methods should be a straightforward task.

// This HTTP interceptor replaces the "Bearer" authorization header with the current Bearer token
module.factory('oauthHttpInterceptor', function (OAuth) {
  return {
    request: function (config) {
      // You can customize this logic to suit your specific needs, such as checking the URL
      if (config.headers.Authorization === 'Bearer') {
        config.headers.Authorization = 'Bearer ' + btoa(OAuth.accessToken);
      }
      return config;
    }
  };
});

module.config(function ($httpProvider) {
  $httpProvider.interceptors.push('oauthHttpInterceptor');
});

Answer №3

This method is quite intriguing:

It cleverly includes the token in the request header automatically, eliminating the need for an extra wrapper.

// Setting up a custom http header
$http.defaults.headers.common['authentication-token'] = 'IronMan Hulk';

Answer №4

One approach might be to encapsulate the functionality in a wrapper function.

app.service('TaskService', function($http, AuthHandler) {
    var taskResource = $resource('https://api.tasks.com/todos.json', {
        port: ':3000',
    }, {
        _fetchTasks: {method: 'GET', isArray: true}
    });

    taskResource.fetchTasks = function(params, successCallback, errorCallback) {
        return taskResource._fetchTasks(
            angular.extend({}, params || {}, {auth_token: AuthHandler.getToken()}),
            successCallback,
            errorCallback
        );
    };

    return taskResource;
})

Answer №5

I encountered a similar issue and came up with a workaround solution that may not be the most elegant, but it gets the job done with just two lines of code:

If you receive your token from the server post-authentication through SessionService, you can utilize the following method:

   angular.module('xxx.sessionService', ['ngResource']).
    factory('SessionService', function( $http,  $rootScope) {

         //...
       function setHttpProviderCommonHeaderToken(token){
          $http.defaults.headers.common['X-AUTH-TOKEN'] = token;
       }  
   });

By implementing this, all requests made via $resource and $http will automatically include the token in their headers.

Answer №6

One alternative approach is to utilize resource.bind(additionalParamDefaults), which generates a new resource instance with additional parameters

var myResource = $resource(url, {id: '@_id'});
var myResourceProtectedByToken = myResource.bind({ access_token : function(){
        return tokenHandler.get();
}});
return myResourceProtectedByToken;

The access_token function will be invoked each time any action on the resource is triggered.

Answer №7

It's possible that I may not fully grasp your question (please feel free to correct me :) ), but to specifically tackle the issue of adding the access_token for each request, have you considered incorporating the TokenHandler module into the Todo module?

// app
var app = angular.module('app', ['ngResource']);

// token handler
app.factory('TokenHandler', function() { /* ... */ });

// inject the TokenHandler
app.factory('Todo', function($resource, TokenHandler) {
    // get the token
    var token = TokenHandler.get();
    // and add it as a default param
    return $resource('http://localhost:port/todos.json', {
        port: ':3001',
        access_token : token
    });
})

When you call Todo.query(), it will automatically include ?token=none in your URL. Alternatively, if you prefer to use a token placeholder, you can certainly opt for that approach:

http://localhost:port/todos.json/:token

I hope this provides some clarity and assistance :)

Answer №8

After considering your approved solution, I suggest enhancing the resource to include setting the token with the Todo object:

.factory('Todo', ['$resource', 'TokenHandler', function($resource, tokenHandler) {
  var resource = $resource('http://localhost:port/todos/:id', {
    port:":3001",
    id:'@id'
    }, {
      update: {method: 'PUT'}
    });

  resource = tokenHandler.wrapActions( resource, ["query", "update"] );
  resource.prototype.setToken = function setTodoToken(newToken) {
    tokenHandler.set(newToken);
    };
  return resource;
}]);

This approach eliminates the need to repeatedly import the TokenHandler when using the Todo object and allows you to simply use:

todo.setToken(theNewToken);

Additionally, I would make a modification to permit default actions if they are empty in wrapActions:

if (!actions || actions.length === 0) {
  actions = [];
  for (i in resource) {
    if (i !== 'bind') {
      actions.push(i);
    }
  }
}

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