Encountering an issue with sending a direct message on Twitter through OAuth

Question

Encountering an issue with sending a direct message on Twitter through OAuth

I am currently developing a JavaScript script to work alongside my C++ application for sending direct messages to users. The script is responsible for constructing the request that I send out. However, whenever I make a request, I keep getting errors like "Incorrect signature" or "can not authenticate you." Can anyone spot any mistakes or missing elements in what I'm doing? I am actively investigating this issue. Thank you in advance.

Here is a snippet of the JavaScript code:

var nDate = new Date();
var epoch = nDate.getTime();
var nonce = "";

nonce = Base64.encode(epoch + randomString()); 

var Parameters = [
   "oauth_consumerkey=" + sConsumerKey,
   "oauth_nonce=" + nonce,
   "oauth_signature_method=HMAC-SHA1",
   "oauth_timestamp=" + epoch,
   "oauth_token=" + sAccessToken,
   "oauth_version=1.0",
   "text=" + sText,
   "user=" + sUser
];

var SortedParameters = Parameters.sort(); 
var joinParameters = SortedParameters.join("&");
var encodeParameters = escape(joinParameters);

signature_base_string = escape("POST&" + NormalizedURL + "&" + encodeParameters);

signature_key = sConsumerSecret + "&" + sAccessSecret;

signature = Base64.encode(hmacsha1(signature_base_string, signature_key));

sAuthHeader = "
  OAuth realm=, 
  oauth_nonce=" + nonce + ",
  oauth_timestamp=" + epoch + ",     
  oauth_consumer_key=" + sConsumerKey + ",
  oauth_signature_method=HMAC-SHA1, 
  oauth_version=1.0,
  oauth_signature=" + signature + ",
  oauth_token=" + sAccessToken + ",
  text=" + sText;

goNVOut.Set("Header.Authorization: ", sAuthHeader);

javascript twitter oauth

Answer 1

Answer №1

Ensure to take note of the following important points:

The "escape" function in JavaScript is not suitable for OAuth URL encoding, as outlined in the OAuth Spec.

5.1. Parameter Encoding

All parameter names and values are escaped using the [RFC3986] percent-encoding (%xx) mechanism. Characters not in the unreserved character set ([RFC3986] section 2.3) MUST be encoded. Characters in the unreserved character set MUST NOT be encoded. Hexadecimal characters in encodings MUST be upper case. Text names and values MUST be encoded as UTF-8 octets before percent-encoding them per [RFC3629].
        unreserved = ALPHA, DIGIT, '-', '.', '_', '~'

Beware that the escape function in JavaScript may allow certain symbols like @ * + / to pass through without being properly escaped. This can lead to discrepancies during signature signing, affecting the outcome compared to server-side computations.

Remember to perform URL encoding on your base URI, NormalizedURL, as well.

Accurate encoding is often the most challenging aspect of implementing OAuth. Ensure that your "url_encode" function uses uppercase letters consistently.

Below is a snippet of my C++ code for performing URL encoding. It could be optimized further but should be straightforward to comprehend.

char hexdigit(int ch)
{
    assert(ch < 16);
    assert(ch >= 0);
    if (ch >= 10)
        return 'A' + ch - 10;
    return '0' + ch;
}

std::string url_encode(const std::string &to_encode)
{
    std::stringstream ss;
    for (std::string::const_iterator ich = to_encode.begin();
         ich != to_encode.end();
         ++ich)
    {
        unsigned char ch = (unsigned char)*ich;
        if (isalpha(ch) || isdigit(ch) || ch == '-' || ch == '_' || ch == '.' || ch == '~')
        {
            ss << ch;
        }
        else
        {
            ss << '%';
            ss << hexdigit(ch >> 4);
            ss << hexdigit(ch & 0xf);
        }
    }

    std::string encoded = ss.str();
    return encoded;
}

Wishing you all the best!

Answer 2

Ensure to take note of the following important points:

The "escape" function in JavaScript is not suitable for OAuth URL encoding, as outlined in the OAuth Spec.

5.1. Parameter Encoding

All parameter names and values are escaped using the [RFC3986] percent-encoding (%xx) mechanism. Characters not in the unreserved character set ([RFC3986] section 2.3) MUST be encoded. Characters in the unreserved character set MUST NOT be encoded. Hexadecimal characters in encodings MUST be upper case. Text names and values MUST be encoded as UTF-8 octets before percent-encoding them per [RFC3629].
        unreserved = ALPHA, DIGIT, '-', '.', '_', '~'

Beware that the escape function in JavaScript may allow certain symbols like @ * + / to pass through without being properly escaped. This can lead to discrepancies during signature signing, affecting the outcome compared to server-side computations.

Remember to perform URL encoding on your base URI, NormalizedURL, as well.

Accurate encoding is often the most challenging aspect of implementing OAuth. Ensure that your "url_encode" function uses uppercase letters consistently.

Below is a snippet of my C++ code for performing URL encoding. It could be optimized further but should be straightforward to comprehend.

char hexdigit(int ch)
{
    assert(ch < 16);
    assert(ch >= 0);
    if (ch >= 10)
        return 'A' + ch - 10;
    return '0' + ch;
}

std::string url_encode(const std::string &to_encode)
{
    std::stringstream ss;
    for (std::string::const_iterator ich = to_encode.begin();
         ich != to_encode.end();
         ++ich)
    {
        unsigned char ch = (unsigned char)*ich;
        if (isalpha(ch) || isdigit(ch) || ch == '-' || ch == '_' || ch == '.' || ch == '~')
        {
            ss << ch;
        }
        else
        {
            ss << '%';
            ss << hexdigit(ch >> 4);
            ss << hexdigit(ch & 0xf);
        }
    }

    std::string encoded = ss.str();
    return encoded;
}

Wishing you all the best!

Encountering an issue with sending a direct message on Twitter through OAuth

Answer №1

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