Differences between Mongoose's updateOne and save functions

When it comes to updating document records in a MongoDB database, there are several approaches to consider. One method involves defining the User model and then locating the specific user before making modifications and saving using the save() method:

let user = await User.findOne({"email": "<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="c4b1b7a1b684a1a9a5ada8eaa7aba9">[email protected]</a>"});
user["email"] = "<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="8feee1e0fbe7eafdcfeae2eee6e3a1ece0e2">[email protected]</a>";
await user.save();

Alternatively, you could use the updateOne method instead of save:

await user.updateOne({"email": "<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="1e7f70716a767b6c5e7b737f7772307d7173">[email protected]</a>"});

So why would one opt for the updateOne method over save? What advantages and disadvantages come with each option?

javascriptmongodbmongoose

Answer №1

When looking at your initial example, it appears to require two distinct queries to your database, which may impact performance. First, you find the document, and then another query is needed to save (update) it. However, this approach does offer the advantage of validating against your schema before updating.

In contrast, with the second method, only one query is necessary for completion. The downside here is that validations are not automatically checked. Nevertheless, you do have the option to enable validation checking by including runValidators:true:

await user.updateOne({"email": "example1@email.com"}, {"email": "example2@email.com"}, { runValidators: true });

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