Determining Whether an Array or Linked List Forms a Palindrome

While working on a problem from Leetcode, I encountered the task of creating a function to check if an array is a palindrome. The suggested solution involved converting the array into a linked list and then checking if its elements form a palindrome sequence.

My initial thought was that using a linked list might provide a more efficient solution compared to solely working with arrays. However, considering that the function takes an array as input, it seemed counterintuitive to convert it into a linked list for efficiency purposes.

Creating a linked list from an array requires accessing all elements, which could be as time-consuming as iterating through the array itself by comparing elements from both ends. Maybe there is some advantage in accessing elements from the end of a linked list instead of the front, but the overall process doesn't seem significantly different in terms of processing power.

I implemented a code snippet below to solve the palindrome problem using arrays:

function isPalindrome(array){
    const numOfTests = Math.floor(array.length/2);
    for(let i = 0; i < numOfTests; i++){
        let j = array.length - 1 - i;
        if(array[i] !== array[j]){
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}
console.log(isPalindrome([1,1,1,2]))

My main question revolves around why linked lists are being recommended over arrays for this problem. Is my function less efficient than one utilizing linked lists for the same task? Does incorporating linked lists offer any tangible advantages in this scenario beyond testing programming skills?

Edit:

The provided code template includes the following:

 /**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * function ListNode(val, next) {
 *     this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
 *     this.next = (next===undefined ? null : next)
 * }
 */
/**
 * @param {ListNode} head
 * @return {boolean}
 */
var isPalindrome = function(head) {
    
};

Additional information from the question:

The number of nodes in the list ranges from 1 to 105. 0 <= Node.val <= 9

Follow up: Can you achieve this in O(n) time and O(1) space?

The follow-up suggestions hint at possible performance concerns with the current algorithm, possibly indicating that using linked lists could address these issues effectively.

The problem can be found at:

Answer №1

The challenge specifies that you are provided with the "head of a singly linked list", not an array. It may seem confusing due to how LeetCode chooses to represent linked lists using array notation. Rest assured, your function will work with a linked list, not an array.

Is it safe to assume that using a linked list (aside from testing programming skills) offers a more efficient solution compared to solely working with arrays?

No, it's primarily for assessing programming abilities.

I find it contradictory that the function is passed an array as an argument.

This confusion stems from misinterpreting the code challenge. Pay attention to the description ("Given the head of a singly linked list") and the initial template code (where the parameter is named head, not array).

Does my function have any inefficiencies compared to using a linked list for the same task?

Your function won't function correctly. The argument doesn't possess a length property since it isn't an array. It's either an instance of ListNode or null.

In the code sample, you called your function in a specific manner. However, this isn't how LeetCode will execute it. It won't be invoked like:

isPalindrome([1, 2, 2, 1])

Instead, it will be called like:

isPalindrome(new ListNode(1, 
             new ListNode(2, 
             new ListNode(2, 
             new ListNode(1)))))

Answer №2

Based on your explanation, there seems to be little benefit in converting this issue to a linked list, whether we analyze it through big-O time complexity or actual performance metrics. The conversion is likely to hinder your program's speed.

The concept is straightforward: when creating the linked list, you must traverse the entire array. How does this method of traversal compare to directly accessing array elements to check for palindromes? In terms of array access operations, we ideally only access each element once. Conversely, with the linked list approach, additional time is spent building the list before determining its palindrome status.

It's akin to solving a math problem by transcribing it onto a different medium - like copying it from paper to parchment before solving. Ultimately, this extra step doesn't save any time.

Although both methods should have a worst-case time complexity of O(N) and their runtimes should not significantly differ due to only a small constant variation.

Converting to a linked list may primarily serve illustrative purposes rather than improving performance.

Answer №3

Let me reiterate my previous comment to provide some context:

LeetCode aims to assist you in grasping common algorithms, programming patterns, and data structures (in a language-neutral manner) through interactive puzzles. Your approach is not inherently wrong; however, the issue lies in the fact that the input is not in the form of an array, rendering it incompatible with the constraints of the problem. The primary objective of this particular puzzle is for you to comprehend the functionality of a singly-linked list data structure and begin delving into big O notation.

Based on your inquiry and subsequent clarifications, it appears that you are encountering difficulties in understanding the intricacies of a singly-linked list. This challenge may arise especially if your background predominantly involves JavaScript, where arrays are more commonly employed than linked lists.

Within the description provided for the problem linked by you, there is an illustration:

Example 1:

https://i.sstatic.net/MArbY.jpg

Input: head = [1,2,2,1]
Output: true

The representation of the head input parameter resembles an array of numbers in JavaScript syntax within the text. However, this depiction is merely an abstract way of visualizing a linked list and should not be interpreted literally as shown below:

const head = [1, 2, 2, 1];

A linked list comprises nested nodes, each containing a value and potentially referencing a child node. In reality, the head input example would resemble the following JavaScript data structure:

const head = {
  val: 1,
  next: {
    val: 2,
    next: {
      val: 2,
      next: {
        val: 1,
        next: null,
      },
    },
  },
};

This concept might appear unfamiliar or perplexing initially, which is completely understandable. Such data structures are more prevalent in certain other programming languages. You will encounter problems on LeetCode that resonate more with your familiarity while challenging programmers from different language backgrounds - part of the learning adventure.

If the team managing the website ever considers revising the problem descriptions offered for each coding challenge, custom details tailored to the selected programming language could help alleviate such confusion in the future.

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