Declaring a variable outside of a function or object

It's been a challenge for me to assign a value to the variable result as it always stays undefined.

        if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
        {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
            xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
        }
        else
        {// code for IE6, IE5
            xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
        }
        xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
        {
            if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200)
            {
                if(xmlhttp.responseText)
                {
                    result = true
                    alert(xmlhttp.responseText+" here1")
                }
                else
                {
                    document.getElementById("report").innerHTML = "wrong password/username"
                    alert(xmlhttp.responseText+" here2")
                    result = false
                }
            }
        }
        xmlhttp.open("POST", "process.php", true);
        xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        xmlhttp.send("name="+encodeURIComponent(name.value));
        alert("final value: "+result)
        return result//always undefined

Is there a way for an object to impact a variable beyond the function scope? This issue is more intricate than initially thought. The purpose of this function is to be called when a user tries to submit a form. If true is returned, the form should be submitted; if false, the form should not. I now have the following code (thanks sweetamylase).

   var result
   var checkResult = function(result) {
         alert("final value: " + result);
         return result
   };

    xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
    {
        var result = null;
        if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200)
        {
            if(xmlhttp.responseText)
            {
                result = true
                alert(xmlhttp.responseText+" here1")
            }
            else
            {
                document.getElementById("report").innerHTML = "wrong password/username"
                alert(xmlhttp.responseText+" here2")
                result = false
            }
            checkResult(result);     // pass result to another function
        }
    }
    xmlhttp.open("POST", "process.php", true);
    xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    xmlhttp.send("name="+encodeURIComponent(name.value));

However, the form is always submitted even before "final value..." appears. If I add return false at the end of the code, then the form never gets submitted.

Answer №1

When dealing with AJAX, the key thing to remember is that it operates asynchronously. This means you must adjust your onreadystatechange() function accordingly. One way to handle this is by passing the result to a separate function where you can manage your logic effectively:


   var handleResult = function(result) {
         alert("The final value is: " + result);
         /* You can handle the result further in this block */
   };
   ...

    xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function()
    {
        var result = null;
        if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200)
        {
            if(xmlhttp.responseText)
            {
                result = true
                alert(xmlhttp.responseText+" is here1")
            }
            else
            {
                document.getElementById("report").innerHTML = "Incorrect password/username"
                alert(xmlhttp.responseText+" is here2")
                result = false
            }
            handleResult(result);     // Pass the result to another function for processing
        }
    }
    xmlhttp.open("POST", "process.php", true);
    xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    xmlhttp.send("name="+encodeURIComponent(name.value));

Answer №2

Utilize the callback function

    function communicateWithServer(callback){
         if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
                ------------------- code ------------
            xmlhttp.open("POST", "process.php", true);
            xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            xmlhttp.send("name="+encodeURIComponent(name.value));
             xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function(){
                 if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200)
                 {
                 callback(xmlhttp.responseText);
                 }
             }
         }   
  }

Answer №3

The concept of the "onreadystatechange" function lies in its asynchronous nature, which is why a callback function is utilized to handle the execution when the designated event occurs. In essence, by implementing this function, you are essentially instructing JavaScript to perform a specific task upon a change in its ready state. As a result, the code continues to run and returns a value for 'result', although it may currently be undefined due to the fact that the ready state has not yet changed.

Therefore, if you intend to utilize the 'result' value, it is imperative to do so within your specified callback function.

I trust that this clarifies any confusion on the matter.

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